Explanation

An electrolytic cell uses electric current to drive a chemical reaction (usually decomposition).

This process is called electrolysis, clearly representing the chemical effect of current.

Explanation

Pitch determines whether a sound is shrill (high-pitched) or grave (low-pitched).

It depends on the frequency of the sound waves — higher frequency means higher pitch.

Explanation

Genes are units of heredity located on chromosomes that control the traits passed from parents to offspring.

They determine physical and biochemical characteristics in all living organisms.

Explanation

Lungs remove carbon dioxide, a waste product of cellular respiration.

It is carried by the blood to the lungs and exhaled out of the body.

Explanation

When kidneys stop working permanently, the most effective long-term solution is kidney transplantation.

It replaces the failed kidney with a healthy one from a donor, restoring normal function.

Explanation

The cells in the nasal chamber, specifically the olfactory cells, detect smell.

These sensory cells send signals to the brain to process different odors.

Explanation

Insulin production through modern biotechnology involves using genetically modified organisms to produce insulin for treating diabetes.

This method has revolutionized the treatment of diabetes, providing a reliable and abundant supply of insulin.

Explanation

Explanation

The medulla oblongata is part of the hindbrain and plays a key role in transmitting messages between the brain and the spinal cord.

It also controls essential functions such as breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure.

Explanation

In terrestrial ecosystems, plants are the main producers that convert sunlight into energy via photosynthesis.

They form the base of the food chain and support all other life forms.