Explanation

Look at the reaction: N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃

For every 1 N₂ that reacts, 3 H₂ react.  

So H₂ gets used 3 times faster than N₂.

Given: H₂ is used at 1.72 mol L⁻¹ h⁻¹  

Then N₂ is used 3x slower:

Rate of N₂ = 1.72 ÷ 3 = 0.57 mol L⁻¹ h⁻¹

Last verified on 05-06-2026

Explanation

• Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with long hydrocarbon chains.
• They contain a carboxyl group (–COOH) attached to a long alkyl chain.
• They are major components of fats and oils.

Last verified on 05-06-2026

Explanation

• Oxidation of secondary alcohols produces ketones.
• Secondary alcohols have –OH group attached to a carbon bonded with two other carbons.
• During oxidation, hydrogen is removed and a carbonyl (C=O) group is formed.

Additional information:

• Primary alcohol → Aldehyde → Acid
• Secondary alcohol → Ketone (stops here)
• Tertiary alcohol → No easy oxidation

Last verified on 05-06-2026

Explanation

• sp² hybridization is used by each oxygen in carbonic acid (H₂CO₃).
• In H₂CO₃, carbon is bonded to three oxygen atoms.
• Each oxygen forms sigma bonds and has resonance involvement.
• Oxygen adopts sp² hybrid orbitals for proper bonding geometry.

Last verified on 05-06-2026

Explanation

• NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) spectroscopy depends on nuclear spin.
• Only nuclei with non-zero spin give NMR signals.
• Elements with zero nuclear spin are NMR inactive.
• Therefore, they cannot be directly detected by NMR spectroscopy.

Last verified on 05-06-2026

Explanation

Use Beer-Lambert Law: A = ε c l

Where:  

A = absorbance = 0.15  

c = concentration = 1.0 × 10⁻³ mol dm⁻³  

l = path length = 1 cm  

ε = molar extinction/absorption coefficient = ?

Rearrange: ε = A / (c × l)  

ε = 0.15 / (1.0 × 10⁻³ × 1)  

ε = 0.15 / 0.001 = 150 mol⁻¹ dm³ cm⁻¹

Last verified on 05-06-2026

Explanation

• AlCl₃ is the catalyst in Friedel–Crafts alkylation.
• It acts as a Lewis acid and generates the electrophile (R⁺).
• This electrophile attacks benzene ring in the reaction.

Last verified on 05-06-2026

Explanation

• Pure water can be obtained from seawater by distillation.
• Distillation separates water from dissolved salts and impurities.
• Seawater is heated to form water vapor.
• The vapor is then cooled and condensed into pure water.
• Therefore, distillation gives clean, salt-free water.

Last verified on 05-06-2026

Explanation

• K₂Cr₂O₇ (potassium dichromate) is an ionic compound, not a coordination complex.
• It contains Cr in an ionic lattice without ligands forming a complex ion.
• Transition metal complexes contain a central metal ion with ligands.
• K₄[Fe(CN)₆], K₃[Fe(CN)₆], and [Ni(H₂O)₆]SO₄ are all coordination (complex) compounds.

Last verified on 05-06-2026

Explanation

Glucose → Gluconic acid is oxidation of the aldehyde group at C-1 to a carboxylic acid.

Glucose: C₆H₁₂O₆, with an aldehyde -CHO at C1  

Gluconic acid: C₆H₁₂O₇, with -COOH at C1

In redox terms: R-CHO → R-COOH  

Carbon oxidation state goes from +1 in aldehyde to +3 in carboxylic acid.  

Change = +2 → loss of 2 e⁻

Reaction: C₆H₁₂O₆ + H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₇ + 2H⁺ + 2e⁻

So 2 electrons are involved in that oxidation.

Last verified on 05-06-2026