Explanation

• Battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
• Batteries work by using a galvanic cell.
• It is an electrochemical device made up of two electrodes and an electrolyte solution.

Last verified on 16-03-2026

Explanation

• The Earth’s circumference at the equator is about 40,075 km (24,901 miles).
• Measured through the poles, it is slightly smaller: 40,008 km (24,860 miles).
• The difference is due to the equatorial bulge caused by Earth's rotation.
• Diameter: ~12,756 km (7,926 miles).
• Age of Earth: ~4.453 billion years.

Last verified on 31-03-2026

Explanation

• The largest planet in our solar system is Jupiter.
• 5th planet
• 79 known moons (Maximum number of moons)
• The Great Red Spot is a prominent feature
• Giant planet and the fastest-rotating planet 
• Rotates approximately once every 10 hours.
• Age is about 4.603 billion years.

Additional information

• Mercury is the smallest planet of the solar system.

*****

Last updated by NA on 25-April-2026

Explanation

• Satellites and the Moon move in an elliptical orbit around Earth.
• Their distance from Earth changes at different points in the orbit.
• The farthest point from Earth is given a special scientific name called apogee.
• The closest point has a different name called perigee.

Last verified on 31-05-2026

Explanation

• Earth moves around the Sun in an elliptical orbit.
• Because of this, the distance between Earth and Sun changes during the year.
• The point where Earth is closest to the Sun is called perihelion.
• This occurs in early January every year.

Last verified on 31-05-2026

Explanation

• A cream separator works on the principle of centrifugal force.
• When milk spins rapidly, heavier and lighter components separate.
• The heavier skimmed milk moves outward.
• The lighter cream stays closer to the center.

Last verified on 31-05-2026

Explanation

• A nuclear reactor uses control rods to regulate the fission chain reaction.
• These rods absorb excess neutrons and prevent the reaction from becoming uncontrollable.
• When the reaction becomes too intense, the rods are inserted deeper into the reactor core.
• Cadmium is commonly used because it is an excellent neutron absorber.

Last verified on 31-05-2026

Explanation

• Newton’s Law of Gravitation was given by Isaac Newton.
• It states that every object in the universe attracts every other object.
• The force depends on mass and distance between objects.
• It is called the Universal Law of Gravitation.
• It applies to all bodies, small and large.

Last verified on 30-05-2026

Explanation

• Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere, especially weather and climate.
• It involves forecasting and understanding atmospheric phenomena.
• Meteorology is a branch of the atmospheric sciences.
• Metrology is the scientific study of measurement.

Last verified on 03-04-2026

Explanation

• Anemometer is a scientific instrument used to measure wind speed (velocity).
• It is mainly used in meteorology and weather forecasting.
• It helps in studying storms, cyclones, and air pressure changes.
• Common types include cup, vane, and hot-wire anemometers.

Additional Information:

• A hygrometer is an instrument used to measure humidity.
• A salinometer is used to measure the salinity
• A bolometer is used to measure the power of incident electromagnetic radiation
• A barometer is used to measure air pressure in certain environment.

Last verified on 30-05-2026