Explanation

• Potential energy is a measure of the energy an object has due to its position or state, and it determines how much work the object can perform.
• The amount of potential energy an object has is a function of its mass, height, and other factors.
• It can be converted into kinetic energy (the energy of motion) when the object is released or moved.
• For example, a ball at the top of a hill has a certain amount of potential energy due to its height, and as it rolls down the hill, this potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, allowing the ball to perform work (such as moving down the hill).

Explanation

In pair production, several quantities are conserved

Let's evaluate each option:

- Charge:

A charge is conserved in pair production, as the total charge before and after the interaction remains the same

Due to the opposite but equal charges of the electron and positron.

- Energy:

Energy is conserved in pair production, with the total energy before the interaction equal to the sum of the energies of the electron and positron after the interaction.

- Linear Momentum:

Linear momentum is conserved in pair production, with the total momentum before the interaction equal to the sum of the momenta of the particles involved.

Explanation

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion, and any object that is moving has kinetic energy.

• A moving car (energy from motion)
• A moving runner (energy from motion)
• A moving bicycle (energy from motion)

Explanation

Desalination is the process by which the dissolved mineral salts in water are removed.

Explanation

 An electric generator is a device that converts mechanical energy into usable electrical energy.

This process is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction,

Discovered in 1831 by British scientist Michael Faraday

Explanation

At the highest point of its trajectory, an object thrown upwards has a vertical acceleration due to gravity,

Which is approximately 9.8 m/s² downwards.

While the object's vertical velocity is momentarily zero at the highest point,

The acceleration due to gravity continues to act on it. 

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RY12-02-23

Explanation

Potential energy is the stored form of energy in an object, which can be released when the object is moved, stretched, or compressed.

Examples:

• Gravitational potential energy (e.g., a ball at the top of a hill)
• Elastic potential energy (e.g., a stretched rubber band)
• Electrical potential energy (e.g., a charged battery)

Explanation

Energy and work have the same dimensional formula, $$[ML2T−2][ML^2T^{-2}]

Both represent the ability to perform work or cause a change in energy.

Explanation

Potential energy is stored energy due to an object's position or state.

Examples:

• A stretching spring (elastic potential energy)
• A stone lying at a height (gravitational potential energy)
• A book placed on a table (gravitational potential energy)
• A pressed spring (elastic potential energy)

Explanation

Non-renewable energy sources:

• Oil
  
• Nuclear energy
• Petroleum
• Natural gas & coal

Renewable sources of energy:

• Solar energy
• Wind energy
• Hydroelectric power
• Biomass energy
• Geothermal energy
• Tidal energy