Explanation

• Jaundice is a condition characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes.
• It is caused by excess bilirubin due to liver dysfunction or disease.

Last verified on 01-04-2026

Explanation

• Black Gold: Petroleum (Crude Oil)
• Color: Dark black / brownish black
• Main Uses: Fuel, petrol, diesel, kerosene, plastics
• Importance: Backbone of modern industry and transport

Additional information:

• Top Oil-Producing Countries:
  1. Saudi Arabia
  2. USA
  3. Russia
  4. Iraq
  5. Iran

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

• The part of the eye that controls the amount of light entering is the Iris.
• It adjusts the size of the pupil according to light intensity.
• In bright light, it reduces light entry; in dim light, it allows more light in.
• This process protects the retina and helps clear vision.

Last verified on 17-05-2026

Explanation

• The instrument used to measure temperature is called a thermometer.
• A thermometer shows how hot or cold an object or place is.

Additional information:

• Barometer measures air pressure.
• Hygrometer measures humidity (moisture in air).

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

• Plants need gas exchange for photosynthesis and respiration.
• Exchange of CO₂, O₂, and water vapor occurs through stomata on leaves.
• Stomata are tiny pores controlled by guard cells.

Additional information:

• Helps maintain internal water balance and gas diffusion.
• Essential for growth, energy production, and transpiration.

Last verified on 22-01-2026

Explanation

• Base Quantity: Length
• SI Unit: meter (m)
• Type: Fundamental quantity
• System: International System of Units (SI)

Additional information:

Base Quantities in SI System:

• Mass (kilogram)
• Time (second)
• Electric current (ampere)
• Temperature (kelvin)

Last verified on 16-06-2026

Explanation

• Moho discontinuity is the boundary between the Earth’s crust and mantle.
• It was discovered by seismologist Andrija Mohorovičić in 1909.
• It is identified by a sudden change in seismic wave speed.
• The crust is solid outer layer, while the mantle lies beneath it.
• Depth varies from 5–70 km depending on land or ocean area.

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

• Total standard zones: 24
• Earth rotation time: 24 hours
• Longitude per zone: 15 degrees
• Starting point: Greenwich (0°)
• It is used worldwide for time coordination.

Last verified on 14-06-2026

Explanation

• The bodyguard of the Earth is Jupiter, which protects Earth from many comets and asteroids due to its strong gravity.
• Jupiter attracts or deflects space objects that might otherwise hit Earth.
• It is the largest planet in the solar system.
• Its strong gravitational field acts like a “shield” for inner planets.
• That is why it is often called Earth’s protector.

Last verified on 14-06-2026

Explanation

• Mars is known as the Red Planet due to its reddish appearance.
• Its surface contains iron oxide (rust) which gives it a red color.
• It is the 4th planet from the Sun in the solar system.
• Mars has two small moons: Phobos and Deimos.
• Mars is often called the “planet of future exploration”.

Last verified on 12-06-2026