Explanation

• The Iran nuclear agreement, officially called the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), was concluded on 14 July 2015.
• It involved Iran and the P5+1 countries: China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Germany.
• The agreement aimed to limit Iran’s nuclear activities in exchange for sanctions relief.

Last verified on 30-10-2026

Explanation

1. The United Nations has designated 2026 as the International Year of Rangelands and Pastoralists.

2. It has also designated 2026 as the International Year of Volunteers for Sustainable Development.
3. The third observance is the International Year of the Woman Farmer.

Last verified on 30-10-2026

Explanation

• A Cell is the intersection of a row and a column in a spreadsheet such as MS Excel.
• Each cell has a unique cell address, such as A1, B5, or C10.
• Rows are identified by numbers: 1, 2, 3, ...
• Columns are identified by letters: A, B, C, ...
• A cell can contain text, numbers, formulas, or functions.

Last verified on 09-08-2026

Explanation

• Rs. 5000: Faisal Mosque
• Rs. 10: Khyber Pass
• Rs. 100: Quaid-e-Azam Residency
• Rs. 500: Badshahi Mosque
• Rs. 1000: Islamia College Peshawar

Additional information:

• Pakistani currency notes feature important national landmarks on the back side.
• The State Bank of Pakistan issued first banknotes on 1 October 1948.
• Printed by: Thomas De La Rue & Company (UK)

Last verified on 01-04-2026

Explanation

• The four Geneva Conventions of 1949 have been ratified by 196 states.

Additional information:

• The Geneva Conventions are based partly on the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907.
• First Geneva Convention: Adopted in 1864; revised in 1906, 1929, and 1949.
• Second Geneva Convention: Adopted in 1949; succeeded the Hague Convention (X) of 1907.
• Third Geneva Convention: First adopted in 1929; revised in 1949.
• Fourth Geneva Convention: Adopted in 1949.

Last verified on 29-10-2026

Explanation

• The Human Development Index (HDI) is issued annually by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

Main Indicators: 3

1. Life expectancy (Health)
2. Education
3. Gross National Income (GNI) per capita

Additional information:

• UNDP Founded: 22 November 1965
• UNDP Headquarters: New York City
• UNDP Purpose: Promote sustainable human development and reduce poverty

Last verified on 08-07-2026

Explanation

• The Bundestag is Germany’s federal parliament.
• It is main directly elected legislative chamber.
• The Bundesrat represents Germany’s 16 federal states (Länder) and participates in federal legislation.
• The Bundestag meets in the Reichstag Building in Berlin, the capital of Germany.

Last verified on 29-10-2026

Explanation

• Player: Younis Khan
• Milestone: 10,000 Test runs
• Achieved in: 2017 against the West Indies
• Test Matches: 118
• Total Test Runs: 10,099
• Batting Average: 52.05
• Test Centuries: 34

Additional information:

• Javed Miandad – 8,832 runs
• Inzamam-ul-Haq – 8,830 runs
• Mohammad Yousuf – 7,530 runs
• Misbah-ul-Haq – 5,222 runs

Last verified on 15-07-2026

Explanation

Recep Tayyip Erdogan is serving as the 12th and current president of Turkey since 2014.

He was reelected for a 3rd term in  2023, which is set to last until 2028.

Last updated on 25-03-2026

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Explanation

• Author: Waris Shah
• Written in: 1766
• Language: Punjabi
• Genre: Epic poetry / Romance
• Origin Date: Late 15th century (traditionally)
• Related: Mirza Sahiban, Sohni Mahiwal, Sassui Punnhun

Last updated by NS on 06-09-2026​