Explanation

• Pakistan became an "Islamic Republic" in its 1956 constitution.
• This constitution was the first to declare Pakistan as an Islamic Republic.
• It is reflecting the country's identity as a democratic state founded on the principles of Islam.

Additional information:

• The constitution was adopted on March 23, 1956.
• The 1956 Constitution was abrogated in 1958.
• When President Iskander Mirza imposed martial law and declared himself the Chief Martial Law Administrator.

Last verified on 23-03-2026

Explanation

• URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator.
• It is a specific type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI).
• Domain: World Wide Web
• First published: 1994
• Latest version: Living Standard, 2023

Used:

• Web page (HTTP/HTTPS)
• File transfer (FTP)
• Email (mailto)
• Database access (JDBC)

Last verified on 08-06-2026

Explanation

• HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol.
• It is a protocol for fetching resources such as HTML documents.
• It provides secure communication over a computer network.
•  It can also be used to fetch parts of documents to update Web pages on demand.
• https://www.google.com is called the URL.

Last verified on 04-06-2026

Explanation

• Machine Language / Assembly is NOT a high-level programming language.
• High-level languages are closer to human language and easier to read.
• Machine and assembly languages are closer to hardware.
• They are used for low-level system control.
• They require more technical understanding than high-level languages.

Last verified on 07-06-2026

Explanation

• George Washington was the first President of the USA.
• He was serving from 1789 to 1797.
• He is often called the "Father of His Country" for his leadership in the founding of the United States.

Additional information:

The short list of Presidents of USA:

• 1st. George Washington
• 2nd. Adams John Adams
• 3rd. Thomas Jefferson
• 15th. James Buchanan
• 16th. Abraham Lincoln
• 17th. Andrew Johnson
• 44th. Barack Obama
• 45th. Donald Trump
• 46th. Joe Biden
• 47th. Donald Trump (Current)

Last verified on 07-06-2026

Explanation

• The Mangla Dam is situated on the Jhelum River.
• It is the seventh-largest dam in the world.
• Construction was started in 1961.
• It was completed in 1967.
• It has 5 tunnels and a power station.

Last verified on 07-06-2026

Explanation

• Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin
• At St. Mary's Hospital in London
• In September 1928.
• First true antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections.
• First patient treated was Albert Alexander, a 43-year-old policeman, on 12 February 1941

Last updated by NA on 23-April-2026

Explanation

• Japan is known as the "Land of the Rising Sun."
• Japan, in Japanese, is Nihon, which means "sun-origin."
• Because the country is considered to lie close to where the sun rises

Additional information

• Capital of Japan: Tokyo
• Parliament is called the Diet.
• The currency of Japan is the yen
• The official language is Japanese
• It is located in the continent of Asia.
• Situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean
• Primary Religion is Buddhism or Shinto (But Secular Country).

Explanation

For a fair coin there are 2 outcomes: Head or Tail. Both equally likely.

So P(Head) = 1/2 = 0.5 = 50%

Unless the coin is biased or standing on its edge.

Last verified on 07-06-2026

Explanation

• Creeper virus Initial release date: 1971
• Creeper virus developer: Ray Tomlinson
• Creeper virus was created in 1971 by Bob Thomas.
• Creeper virus Operating system(s) affected: TENEX
• Creeper was the first computer worm.

Additional information:

• Reaper was the first antivirus software.

Last verified on 07-06-2026