Explanation

• COUNT(*) counts all rows in a table.
• If the table is empty, it returns 0.
• It counts rows regardless of NULL values in individual columns.

Explanation

• DISTINCT returns only unique rows or values.
• It removes duplicate results from a query.
• It is used with the SELECT statement.

Explanation

• A subquery is a query written inside another SQL query.
• It is enclosed in parentheses ().
• It can be used with SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE statements.

Explanation

• View: A virtual table based on an SQL query.
• Materialized View: A stored copy of query results.
• Main Difference: A view stores the query; a materialized view stores the query results.

Explanation

• Obscurity = گمنامی 
• Fame = شہرت

Explanation

Sovereign = خود مختار

Subordinate = ماتحت

Explanation

• Kaffarah is the atonement for deliberately breaking a fast during Ramadan without a valid excuse.
• In the Hanafi school, it generally involves fasting for 60 consecutive days.

Explanation

Explanation

سخت جواب دینا — یعنی کسی کی سختی کا اسی طرح سختی سے جواب دینا۔

Explanation

• MSE stands for Mean Squared Error
• It measures the average of the squared differences between actual and predicted values.
• It is used as a loss function to evaluate the performance of Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs).
• Lower MSE = smaller prediction errors.