Explanation

Assessment is the broader process of collecting, synthesizing, and interpreting information about learning or performance.

It supports decision-making by identifying strengths, weaknesses, and progress in a learner’s development.

Explanation

Diagnostic means تشخیصی

Diagnostic assessment is used to identify students' strengths and weaknesses, helping to detect difficulties in the learning process.

It is conducted before or during the learning process to provide insights for improving teaching strategies.

Explanation

An aptitude test measures a person's potential or natural ability in a specific field or skill area.

It is commonly used for career guidance, academic placement, or talent identification.

Explanation

Assessment helps the teacher gauge a child's understanding, interest, and attention informally or formally.

It includes activities like quizzes, observations, and discussions to improve learning.

Explanation

The West Pakistan Textbook Board was officially established on 6th June 1962 under the West Pakistan Textbook Board Ordinance XLI of 1962.

The Board was tasked with preparing, publishing, and distributing textbooks to ensure standardized education across West Pakistan.

Explanation

The word "course" literally means a route or direction to be followed.

In education, it refers to a structured path of study on a particular subject.

Explanation

Ontology is a branch of philosophy/metaphysics that studies the nature of being and existence.

It explores what kinds of things exist and how they relate to each other in reality.

Explanation

The term curriculum is derived from the Latin word Currere.

Curriculum means: To run the course.

It refers to the structured set of subjects or learning experiences designed for students in an educational system.

Explanation

The National Professional Standards for Teachers in Pakistan include the following 10 standards:

1. Subject Matter Knowledge
2. Human Growth and Development
3. Knowledge of Islamic Ethical Values/Social Life Skills
4. Instructional Planning and Strategies
5. Assessment
6. Learning Environment
7. Effective Use of Information, Communication Technology
8. Collaboration and Partnership
9. Continuous Professional Development and Code of Conduct
10. Teaching of English as Second/Foreign Language (ESL/EFL)

Explanation

S.N.E (Schedule of New Expenditure) is a government document used to propose and approve new budgetary expenditures.

It is essential for creating new posts, purchasing items, or initiating new projects in public departments.