SPSC ECONOMICS 25 YEARS PAST PAPERS
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چار آپشن میں سے کسی ایک پر کلک کرنے سے جواب سرخ ہو جائے گا۔
ایک مسابقتی فرم مزدوروں کو کب تک ملازمت دیتی ہے؟
- w = MPL * p
- w = MPL
- w = p
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- A competitive firm is a price taker in both product and labour markets.
- It hires labour to maximize profit.
- The firm compares wage (w) with the value of labour’s output.
- Hiring continues until cost equals benefit.
- Condition: w = MPL × p (Value of Marginal Product).
Last verified on 22-04-2026
پیٹنٹس اور پبلک فرنچائزز کس قسم کی مارکیٹ میں داخلے کی رکاوٹیں ہیں؟
- Legal; legal
- Natural; natural
- Natural; legal
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Barriers to entry restrict new firms from entering a market.
- Patents are government-granted rights to protect inventions.
- Public franchises are government licenses to operate a service.
- Both are created through laws and regulations.
- Hence, both are legal barriers to entry.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
بائنری متغیر کو عام طور پر کیا کہا جاتا ہے؟
- Power of a test
- Dummy variable
- Dependent variable
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- A binary variable takes only two values (e.g., 0 or 1).
- It represents categories like yes/no or true/false.
- It is widely used in regression and data analysis.
- It helps to include qualitative factors in models.
- It is commonly called a dummy variable.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
لیان اپنی آمدنی کو اس طرح خرچ کرتی ہے کہ ہر چیز پر فی ڈالر حاصل ہونے والی حدی افادیت کیسی ہو؟
- Is diminishing
- Is the same
- Is increasing
- Is maximised
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- In consumer theory, a person maximizes satisfaction (utility) from income.
- Utility is maximized when spending is optimally distributed.
- The key rule compares marginal utility per dollar across goods.
- Consumers adjust spending until no further gain is possible.
- This happens when marginal utility per dollar is equal for all goods.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
مندرجہ ذیل میں سے کس صورت میں دونوں اصطلاحات ایک ہی معنی نہیں رکھتیں؟
- Changes in real GDP and the GDP deflator
- Nominal GDP and GDP at current prices
- Real GDP and GDP at constant prices
- The base period and the reference period
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- In economics, some terms are equivalent (same meaning).
- Nominal GDP = GDP at current prices.
- Real GDP = GDP at constant prices.
- Base period = Reference period (used for comparison).
- But changes in real GDP ≠ GDP deflator (different concepts).
Last verified on 22-04-2026
مندرجہ ذیل میں سے اقتصادی ترقی کے بارے میں کون سا بیان غلط ہے؟
- Economic growth can be helped by using tidal power
- Economic growth solves the economic problem
- Economic growth can be helped by having new technology
- Economic growth can be helped with more education
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Economic growth means an increase in a country’s production (GDP).
- It can be improved by better resources and efficiency.
- Factors like technology, education, and energy sources support growth.
- However, growth does not remove scarcity completely.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
محنت کی طلب کا منحنی کیسا ہوتا ہے؟
- Is vertical
- Slopes upward
- Slopes downward
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- The demand for labour is a derived demand based on production needs.
- Firms hire more workers when wages are lower.
- As wages increase, firms demand less labour.
- This shows an inverse relationship between wage and labour demand.
- Therefore, the demand curve slopes downward.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
مندرجہ ذیل میں سے کون سا بیان مقررہ وسیلہ کے بارے میں درست ہے؟
- The quantity of output that the firm can produce with it is fixed
- Its price is fixed
- The quantity of it that a firm can use in the short run is fixed
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- In economics, inputs are factors used in production.
- A fixed input cannot be changed in the short run.
- Examples include land, machinery, and buildings.
- Firms cannot increase or decrease its quantity quickly.
- Therefore, its quantity remains fixed in the short run.
Last verified on 22-04-2026
