SPSC ECONOMICS 25 YEARS PAST PAPERS
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چار آپشن میں سے کسی ایک پر کلک کرنے سے جواب سرخ ہو جائے گا۔
ایم ایف این کا مخفف کیا ہے؟
- The most favored nation
- The most favorite nation
- The most friendly nation
- None of these
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Explanation
- MFN stands for Most Favored Nation.
- It is a principle in international trade (WTO system).
- It means giving equal trade treatment to all member countries.
- If one country gets benefits, others must also get the same.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
اگر مالیاتی پالیسی ٹیکس میں کمی کے ذریعے معاشی استحکام اور ترقی کو فروغ دینے کی کوشش کر رہی ہو تو یہ کس قسم کی پالیسی ہوگی؟
- Expansionary Fiscal Policy
- Restrictive Fiscal Policy
- Easy Money Policy
- Tight Money Policy
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Explanation
- Tax cuts increase disposable income of people.
- This leads to higher consumption and investment.
- It increases aggregate demand and economic growth.
- Such policy is called Expansionary Fiscal Policy.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
قدرتی بے روزگاری کی شرح کیا ہے؟
- The unemployment rate that exists when the economy is in a recession
- The unemployment rate that exists when the economy is in a boom
- The unemployment rate that exists when the economy is at full employment
- The unemployment rate that exists when the economy is in a depression
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Explanation
- The natural rate of unemployment exists when the economy is at full employment level.
- It includes frictional and structural unemployment.
- It does not include cyclical unemployment.
- It represents a stable long-run equilibrium situation.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
مانیٹری بیس کن چیزوں پر مشتمل ہوتا ہے؟
- Reserve at the Federal Reserve plus vault cash
- Deposits of member banks at the Federal reserve
- Euro-dollars and foreign deposits at the Federal Reserve
- Reserves plus currency in circulation
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Explanation
- The monetary base is also called high-powered money.
- It includes currency held by public + bank reserves.
- It is the foundation of the money supply in an economy.
- Central bank controls it directly.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
- Demand is perfectly elastic
- Demand is inelastic
- Demand is unit elastic
- Demand is elastic
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Explanation
- Elasticity measures responsiveness of quantity demanded to price change.
- If elasticity is less than 1 (in absolute value), demand is inelastic.
- Here, -0.5 shows small response to price changes.
- So demand does not change much when price changes.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
یکساں مقابلے میں طویل مدتی توازن میں کیا ہوتا ہے؟
- Zero economic profit
- Perfect price discrimination
- Excess capacity
- Homogeneous products
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Explanation
- In monopolistic competition, many firms sell similar but differentiated products.
- In the long run, new firms enter the market.
- This reduces profits until economic profit becomes zero.
- Firms only earn normal profit in long-run equilibrium.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
کسی بھی پیداوار کی سطح پر جہاں قلیل مدت اوسط لاگت طویل مدت اوسط لاگت کو چھوتی ہو، تو اس وقت کیا درست ہوگا؟
- LMC > SMC
- LMC < SMC
- LMC = SMC
- LMC = LAC
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Explanation
- When SRAC is tangent to LRAC, firms are at long-run equilibrium.
- At this point, short-run and long-run marginal costs are equal.
- It represents the optimal scale of production.
- Cost efficiency is maximized at this point.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
اعداد و شمار کے مجموعے میں معیاری انحراف کیا ظاہر کرتا ہے؟
- The average distance from the mean
- The exact values in the data set
- The highest and lowest values
- How many data points there are
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Explanation
- Standard deviation measures how data values are spread out.
- It shows the average distance of data points from the mean.
- Small standard deviation = data is closely packed.
- Large standard deviation = data is widely spread.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
تقابلی برتری کا نظریہ کس نے پیش کیا؟
- Adam Smith
- David Ricardo
- Ohlin
- Hicks
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Explanation
- The Theory of Comparative Advantage explains international trade benefits.
- It was developed by David Ricardo.
- Published in 1817 (Principles of Political Economy and Taxation).
- Countries should specialize in goods where they have lower opportunity cost.
- This increases global efficiency and trade gains.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
سولو گروتھ ماڈل کیا پیش گوئی کرتا ہے؟
- Rich nations will grow faster than poor nations
- The rich will get richer and the poor will get poorer
- The rich will get poorer and the poor will get richer
- Poor nations will grow faster than rich nations
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Explanation
- The Solow Growth Model is a neoclassical growth theory.
- It predicts convergence of income levels across countries.
- Poor countries tend to grow faster due to lower capital stock.
- Rich countries grow slower due to diminishing returns to capital.
Last verified on 24-04-2026
