SPSC 25 YEARS PAST PAPERS 2001 TO 2026
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چار آپشن میں سے کسی ایک پر کلک کرنے سے جواب سرخ ہو جائے گا۔
- Utterance
- Corpus
- Compilation
- Collection
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Explanation
- A corpus is a large structured collection of spoken or written language data.
- Linguists use it to analyze patterns and discover language rules.
- It helps in studying grammar, vocabulary, and real language use scientifically.
Last verified on 06-06-2026
- Sapir
- Chomsky
- Saussure
- Bloomfield
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Explanation
- The terms “langue” (language system) and “parole” (actual speech) were introduced by Ferdinand de Saussure.
- Langue refers to the structured system of language shared by a community.
- Parole refers to the individual use of language in real speech or writing.
Last verified on 06-06-2026
- Syntax
- Syllable
- Morpheme
- Sound
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Explanation
- A morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning in a language.
- It can be a word (book) or a part of a word (un-, -ed) that carries meaning.
- Unlike sounds or syllables, morphemes always contribute to meaning in language structure.
Last verified on 06-06-2026
- A group of countries that speak English as their third language
- A group of cities that speak English as their third language
- A group of countries that speak English as their second language
- A group of cities that speak English as their second language
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Explanation
- In World Englishes (Kachruvian Model), the outer circle refers to countries where English is used as a second language (ESL).
- These are usually former colonies where English has official or institutional use (education, government).
- Examples include countries like India, Pakistan, and Nigeria.
Last verified on 06-06-2026
- Content words
- Structure words
- Function words
- Auxiliary words
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Explanation
- In neutral speech, content words (nouns, main verbs, adjectives, adverbs) carry the main meaning and are stressed.
- Structure/function words (articles, prepositions, auxiliaries) are usually unstressed.
- This stress pattern helps listeners understand the important information in a sentence.
Last verified on 06-06-2026
- Balanced bilingualism
- Diachronic
- Diglossia
- Diphthong
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Explanation
- Diglossia is a situation where two language varieties are used in different social contexts (formal vs informal).
- Usually, one is used in education, religion, or official settings, and the other in daily conversation.
- It is common in societies where speakers switch between high (H) and low (L) varieties of language.
Last verified on 06-06-2026
- A mother tongue of a particular group
- An artificial language with recognizable grammar
- People who speak multiple dialects
- An auxiliary language created by people
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Explanation
- A pidgin is a simplified auxiliary language formed when speakers of different languages need to communicate.
- It has limited vocabulary and simplified grammar, and is not anyone’s native language.
- It develops for practical communication in trade or contact situations.
Last verified on 06-06-2026
- CVCC
- VCVC
- CCVC
- CCCV
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Explanation
- The word “Trim” has four sounds: /t/ /r/ /ɪ/ /m/.
- Structure breakdown: C (t) + C (r) + V (i) + C (m) = CCVC.
- So, it follows the CCVC syllabic pattern (consonant-consonant-vowel-consonant).
Last verified on 06-06-2026
- /s/
- /n/
- /u/
- /g/
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Explanation
- A voiceless alveolar fricative is produced at the alveolar ridge by forcing air through a narrow channel.
- In this sound, the vocal cords do not vibrate, making it voiceless.
- The phoneme /s/ (as in see, sun) correctly represents this sound.
Last verified on 06-06-2026
- Skinner’s Theory of Behaviourism
- Chomsky’s Universal Grammar
- Cognitive Theory
- Krashen’s Monitor Model
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Explanation
- The theory is proposed by Stephen Krashen.
- It emphasizes comprehensible input (i + 1), meaning learners understand language slightly above their current level.
- It suggests language is acquired naturally when input is understandable and meaningful.
Last verified on 06-06-2026
