Explanation

• Section 96 PPC states that acts done in private defense are not offences.
• It provides a legal justification for protecting oneself or property.
• This right is subject to limitations under law.
• It applies in situations of immediate threat or danger.

Last updated by NS on 16-April-2026

Explanation

• In qatl-i-amd (intentional murder), the wali has certain rights.
• Under Section 310(1), the wali may compound the right of qisas.
• This can be done by accepting Badal-i-sulh (compensation/settlement).
• It is a form of compromise between parties.

Last updated by NS on 16-April-2026

Explanation

• As per Section 362 of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860, the definition of abduction is given.
• Abduction occurs when a person is forced or deceitfully induced to move from one place to another.
• The movement is done through force, compulsion, or deception.

Last updated by NS on 16-April-2026

Explanation

• As per Section 378 of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860, the definition of theft is given.
• Theft occurs when a person dishonestly takes movable property.
• The property is taken without the consent of the person in possession.

Last updated by NS on 16-April-2026

Explanation

• As per Section 2(11) CPC 1908, the term “Legal Representative” is defined.
• It means a person who represents the estate of a deceased person in law.
• It also includes anyone who interferes with the estate.

Last updated by NS on 16-April-2026

Explanation

• As per Order VI Rule 15(3) CPC 1908, verification is part of pleadings.
• It must be signed by the person making the pleading (party concerned).
• The purpose is to confirm the truthfulness of the statements made.
• It must also mention the date and place of signing.

Last updated on NS-16-April-2026

Explanation

• As per Order IX Rule 14 CPC 1908, procedural safeguards are required before setting aside a decree.
• The court cannot set aside a decree without giving notice to the opposite-party.
• This ensures fair hearing and natural justice principles (audi alteram partem).
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Explanation

• As per Section 2(14) CPC 1908, an Order is a formal expression of a civil court’s decision.
• It is a decision that is not a decree or judgment in final form.
• A decree is a formal expression of adjudication conclusively determining rights.
• An order is generally an interlocutory or procedural decision.

Explanation

• Section 151 CPC preserves the inherent powers of the court.
• It allows courts to act for the ends of justice.
• It also prevents abuse of the process of the court.
• The law specifically refers to abuse of the process of the court.

Last updated on NS-16-April-2026

Explanation