Explanation

• Nagorno-Karabakh is a mountainous region internationally recognized as part of Azerbaijan, historically inhabited mainly by ethnic Armenians.
• The conflict intensified during the late Soviet period, particularly in the late 1980s, and led to wars between Armenia and Azerbaijan.
• Azerbaijan regained control of the region in 2023 after a military operation, and almost the entire ethnic Armenian population fled to Armenia.

Last verified on 29-10-2026

Explanation

• The Zagros Mountains extend for approximately 1,600 km (1,000 miles) across western and southwestern Iran.
• The range extends from northwestern Iran toward the Strait of Hormuz, with parts near the borders of Iraq and Turkey.
• Highest peak: Mount Dena

Last verified on 28-10-2026

Explanation

• Lewis Waterman invented the first practical fountain pen in 1884.
• He was an American inventor who improved the ink-feeding system.
• His design regulated ink flow and reduced leakage.
• The fountain pen stores ink in a reservoir and delivers it to the nib.

Last verified on 29-10-2026

Explanation

World Day for Audiovisual Heritage is celebrated on 27 October. 

Theme 2020: Your window to the world

Theme 2021: A window to the world

Theme 2022: Enlisting documentary heritage to promote inclusive, just and peaceful societies

Explanation

International Internet Day has been annually celebrated on 29th October since 2005 to mark the anniversary of the first internet transmission on October 29, 1969. 

Explanation

• Largest Desert Overall: Antarctic Desert (~14.2 million sq. km)
• Type: Polar ice and tundra (cold desert)

Additional information

• Second Largest Desert: Arctic Desert (~13.9 million sq. km)
• Largest Hot Desert: Sahara Desert (~9.2 million sq. km)

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026 

Explanation

• Australian rules football and cricket are Australia's national sports

Additional information:

• Capital: Canberra
• Currency: Australian Dollar (AUD)
• Official language: No official language at the federal level; English is the de facto national language.
• Continent/region: Oceania
• Major religion: Christianity
• Parliament: Parliament of Australia (Federal Parliament)

Tricks for Remembering

DOLLAR

 Li-Ne-US-Ca-Fi-T-E-A

Mind trick: Li ne(a name) who lives in US likes Coffee(Ca- Fi) and Tea(T-E-A)

**Li-Ne**

Li-Liberia

Ne-New Zealand

**US**

United States

**Ca-Fi**

Ca-Canadian

Fi- Fizzi

**T-E-A**

T-Taiwan

E-Ethiopia

A-Australia

Must read

Capital of World Countries

Currency of World Countries

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026 

Explanation

• Coldest continent: Antarctica
• Coldest place recorded: Vostok Station, Antarctica
• Lowest recorded temperature: −89.2°C (21 July 1983)

The coldest place on Earth is:

1) Eastern Antarctic Plateau, Antarctica (-94°C)

2) Vostok Station, Antarctica (-89.2°C) 

3) Amundsen-Scott Station, Antarctica (-82.8°C)

4) Denali, Alaska, United States of America (-73°C)

5) Klinck station, Greenland (-69.6°C) 

6) Oymyakon, Siberia, Russia (-67.7°C)

• The coldest capital city in the world IS Ulaanbaatar
• The coldest region in the atmosphere is the mesosphere

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026 

Explanation

- Date: 8 March every year

- Purpose: To celebrate women’s achievements and promote gender equality.

- First observance: 1911

- Observed worldwide: Every year on 8 March

- 2026 Theme: Rights. Justice. Action. For ALL Women and Girls.

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026 

Explanation

• Mumbai is located on the western coast of India.
• It is a major commercial port on the Arabian Sea.
• Opened: 26 June 1873
• Old name: Bombay Port Trust (BPT)
• Renamed to current legal title: 31 January 2022
• Main use: Bulk cargo; container traffic mainly goes through Jawaharlal Nehru Port (Nhava Sheva).

Last updated: 27 OCT 2026