Explanation

• MFN is the abbreviation of "The most favored nation."
• It refers to a status or treatment accorded by one country to another in international trade, wherein the first country extends the same trade advantages, such as tariffs or quotas, that it offers to its most favored trading partner to all other countries with MFN status.

Explanation

The State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) is responsible for the formulation of monetary policy in Pakistan.

It manages the country's monetary policy to ensure economic stability and control inflation.

Explanation

Large datasets require massive storage capacity and powerful processing resources, leading to high costs and computational complexity.

Big data often contains redundancy, inconsistencies, and requires efficient management systems to ensure accuracy and accessibility.

Explanation

Source reduction is the most preferred method in the waste management hierarchy because it prevents waste generation at the source, avoiding the need for disposal or recycling.

It reduces resource consumption, pollution, and costs associated with waste handling, making it the most sustainable approach.

Explanation

Around 40% of Pakistan’s economy functions in the informal or undocumented sector.

This sector includes unregistered businesses and untaxed activities contributing significantly to the GDP.

Explanation

China is the world's largest producer of rice, making up 30% of global rice production.

India is the second largest producer of Rice in the world. 

Explanation

Exchange rate depreciation, fiscal deficit, and rising international commodity prices all contribute to inflation.

Together, these factors increase production costs and import prices, raising overall price levels in Pakistan.

Explanation

Green Sukuk – Key Points (Economic Survey 2024-25):

Issued: May 2025, worth Rs 30 billion.

Purpose: To fund eco-friendly projects.

Projects: Garuk Dam (Balochistan), Nai Gaj Dam (Sindh), Shagarthang Project (Gilgit-Baltistan).

Investor Response: Oversubscribed due to strong demand.

Significance: Marked Pakistan’s move toward global green financing standards.

Explanation

As per the Economic Survey of Pakistan 2024-25, the total installed capacity of electricity (end March FY2025) was 46,605 MW.

This figure represents a 1.6% increase compared to the installed capacity of 45,888 MW in the same period of the previous fiscal year. 

Explanation

Broad Money (M2) - (liability side), is measured as A + total deposits of non-government sector.

M2 is a broader measure of the money supply, encompassing not just physical cash (currency in circulation) but also various deposits held by the public with banks.