Explanation

The gravitational force between two objects is independent of the medium between them.

Gravity acts through a vacuum just as it does through a medium like air, water, or solid objects.

The presence or absence of a medium does not affect the gravitational force between the objects.

Explanation

The numerical value of G (the gravitational constant) remains constant everywhere in the universe, regardless of the location, time, or conditions.

G is a fundamental constant of nature that describes the strength of gravitational attraction between objects.

Explanation

Gravitational force is always attractive, never repulsive.

According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, every point mass attracts every other point mass by a force acting along the line intersecting both points.

This means that gravity always pulls objects towards each other, never pushes them apart.

Explanation

According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, the force of gravity (F) is proportional to:

• The product of the two masses (m1 and m2): F ∝ m1 m2
• The inverse square of the distance (r) between the centers of the two objects: F ∝ 1/r^2

Explanation

The first scientist who gave the concept of gravitation was Sir Isaac Newton.

He published his groundbreaking work, "Universal Law of Gravitation," in 1687.

It explained how gravity works and how it affects objects on Earth and in the universe.

Explanation

The gravitational field of Earth is a vector field that points towards the center of the Earth.

It representing the direction of the gravitational force that the Earth exerts on objects near its surface.

This means that the gravitational field is directed towards the Earth, pulling objects towards its center.

Explanation

G is the gravitational constant, also known as the universal gravitational constant.

It is a fundamental constant of nature that describes the strength of gravitational attraction between objects.

The currently accepted numerical value of G is 6.673 × 10^-11 Nm^2 kg^-2.

Explanation

Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every point mass attracts every other point mass by a force acting along the line intersecting both points.

This law applies to all objects in the universe, regardless of their size, shape, or composition.

Explanation

The motion of a falling ball towards Earth is due to the gravitational force.

Gravitational force is the force that attracts the ball towards the Earth, causing it to accelerate downwards.

Explanation

To find the pressure, you need to divide the force (20 N) by the area (5 cm^2).

Since 1 cm^2 = 0.0001 m^2, the area in square meters is:

5 cm^2 x (0.0001 m^2/cm^2) = 0.0005 m^2

Now, you can calculate the pressure:

Pressure = Force / Area = 20 N / 0.0005 m^2 = 40,000 N/m^2

Since 1 N/m^2 = 1 Pascal (Pa), you can convert the pressure to N/cm^2:

40,000 N/m^2 x (1 m^2 / 100 cm^2) = 4 N/cm^2