Explanation

Scalar quantities are physical quantities that have only magnitude (amount or size) but no direction.

Examples of scalar quantities include:

• Mass
• Temperature
• Time
• Energy
• Distance

Last verified on 07-02-2026

Explanation

• Taxonomy is the science of classifying and naming organisms.
  • Helps organize plants, animals, and microorganisms into groups.
  • Based on shared characteristics, genetics, and evolutionary relationships.
  • Developed initially by Carl Linnaeus in the 18th century.

Last verified on 06-02-2026

Explanation

• Some organisms feed on dead and decaying organic matter instead of living organisms.
• These organisms are called saprotrophs.
• They play an important role in decomposition and nutrient recycling in ecosystems.
• Examples include fungi, bacteria, and some protists.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water in the form of vapor from leaves, stems, and flowers.
• It helps in cooling the plant, nutrient transport, and maintaining water balance.

Additional information:

• Evaporation: Water loss from soil or water surfaces
• Respiration: Energy release by breaking down sugars
• Photosynthesis: Production of food using sunlight, CO₂, and water

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

The mass of Earth is approximately 6.0 x 10^24 kilograms (5.98 x 10^24 kg).

This is a widely accepted scientific value, based on various measurements and calculations, including:

• Gravity measurements
• Satellite orbits
• Seismological data
• Planetary formation models

Explanation

• The shortest distance between two points is called displacement.
• Displacement is a measure of the straight-line distance between two points.
•  It is a vector quantity.

Key Point: The longest distance between two points is called the circumference (if the points are on a circle) or a diagonal (if the points are on a polygon or a rectangle).

Explanation

Neutral equilibrium is a state where the body is balanced, but the slightest disturbance will not cause it to return to its original position or topple over.

In this state, the center of gravity (CG) remains at the same height, regardless of the slight tilt or displacement.

Key Points: 

• A body is in unstable equilibrium after slight tilt if its center of gravity remains above the point of contact.
  
• A body is in stable equilibrium after slight tilt if its center of gravity remains above the point of contact.
  

Explanation

The melting point of ice at normal atmospheric pressure is 0 °C (zero degrees Celsius).

Key Points:

• 0 K (zero Kelvin) is equivalent to -273.15 °C, which is absolute zero, the lowest possible temperature.
• 100 °C is the boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure.

Explanation

The SI unit of acceleration is meters/second^2 (m/s^2 or ms^-2)

Acceleration (a) is defined as the rate of change of velocity.

Velocity is a vector quantity, and therefore acceleration is also a vector quantity.

Explanation

Newton's first law of motion is also called as Law of inertia.

• Inertia is the ability of a body by virtue of which it opposes a change.
  
• According to Newton’s first law of motion, an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line
• unless acted upon by an external force.
  • The inertia of rest: When a body is in rest, it will remain at rest until we apply an external force to move it. This property is called inertia of rest.
  • The inertia of motion: When a body is in a uniform motion, it will remain in motion until we apply an external force to stop it. This property is called inertia of motion.