Explanation

According to Newton's law of universal gravitation, the force of gravity (F) is proportional to:

• The product of the two masses (m1 and m2): F ∝ m1 m2
• The inverse square of the distance (r) between the centers of the two objects: F ∝ 1/r^2

Explanation

The first scientist who gave the concept of gravitation was Sir Isaac Newton.

He published his groundbreaking work, "Universal Law of Gravitation," in 1687.

It explained how gravity works and how it affects objects on Earth and in the universe.

Explanation

The gravitational field of Earth is a vector field that points towards the center of the Earth.

It representing the direction of the gravitational force that the Earth exerts on objects near its surface.

This means that the gravitational field is directed towards the Earth, pulling objects towards its center.

Explanation

G is the gravitational constant, also known as the universal gravitational constant.

It is a fundamental constant of nature that describes the strength of gravitational attraction between objects.

The currently accepted numerical value of G is 6.673 × 10^-11 Nm^2 kg^-2.

Explanation

Newton's law of universal gravitation states that every point mass attracts every other point mass by a force acting along the line intersecting both points.

This law applies to all objects in the universe, regardless of their size, shape, or composition.

Explanation

The motion of a falling ball towards Earth is due to the gravitational force.

Gravitational force is the force that attracts the ball towards the Earth, causing it to accelerate downwards.

Explanation

To find the pressure, you need to divide the force (20 N) by the area (5 cm^2).

Since 1 cm^2 = 0.0001 m^2, the area in square meters is:

5 cm^2 x (0.0001 m^2/cm^2) = 0.0005 m^2

Now, you can calculate the pressure:

Pressure = Force / Area = 20 N / 0.0005 m^2 = 40,000 N/m^2

Since 1 N/m^2 = 1 Pascal (Pa), you can convert the pressure to N/cm^2:

40,000 N/m^2 x (1 m^2 / 100 cm^2) = 4 N/cm^2

Explanation

Newton is a unit of force, not pressure.

The units of pressure are:

• Pascal (Pa) is the SI unit of pressure.
• Bar is a common unit of pressure, equal to 100,000 Pa.
• Atmosphere (atm) is a unit of pressure, equal to 101,325 Pa.

Explanation

If a spring stretches easily, it means that it requires less force to stretch it a certain distance.

This is indicative of a spring with a small spring constant (k).

The spring constant is a measure of a spring's stiffness.

A smaller value means the spring is less stiff and more easily deformed.

Explanation

Elastic deformation occurs when a material temporarily changes shape in response to an external force, but returns to its original dimensions when the force is removed.

This type of deformation is reversible, meaning the material returns to its original state.