Explanation

Raise the head of patient (Correct answer — raising the head is NOT recommended in shock) 

 In shock, the legs should be raised to improve blood flow to vital organs, and the airway should be kept open.

Raising the head can worsen blood flow and is not advised.

Explanation

Splint in injured deformed position without manipulation (Correct answer — injured limb should be realigned gently unless grossly deformed) 

Generally, a splint should immobilize the limb in the position of function, and severe deformities should be aligned gently only by trained personnel.

Leaving gross deformity untreated can cause complications.

Explanation

To provide definitive treatment

First aid management of fracture/dislocation aims to prevent further injury, provide stability, and relieve pain, but definitive treatment should be done by medical professionals later.

Explanation

Always apply tight hard splints

This statement is FALSE because splints should not be applied too tightly; they must be firm but not restrict circulation.

Tight splints can cause further injury or compromise blood flow.

Explanation

In basic life support (BLS), the pulse should be checked for 5 to 10 seconds to quickly assess cardiovascular status.

Explanation

Third-degree burns (full-thickness burns) are characterized by charred, leathery skin and loss of sensation due to nerve damage.

Pain may be absent in the burned area.

Explanation

C is incorrect because joints and muscles should be splinted in a functional position, not in full extension, to prevent further injury or discomfort.

Good splinting technique includes:

- A. Soft padding at pressure points — Prevents pressure sores.

- B. Firm support — To immobilize the injury effectively.

- D. Exposing distal part — To monitor circulation (color, warmth, pulse).

Explanation

The best first aid for a chemical burn is to immediately flush the affected area with plenty of clean, running water for at least 10–20 minutes to remove the chemical and reduce damage.

Covering the hand, applying cream, or rushing to hospital should come after initial flushing.

Explanation

In a trauma patient experiencing shock, the common features include:

- Pink color of skin —  NOT a feature of shock. In shock, the skin is typically pale, cold, or bluish due to poor circulation.

- Cold skin —  Due to vasoconstriction

- Cold sweating —  A response to stress and low perfusion

- Low blood pressure —  A hallmark of shock

Explanation

 A visible bump alone is common and not always alarming, especially in minor head injuries.

- Drowsiness, severe headache, and vomiting can be signs of increased intracranial pressure or serious brain injury, which are alarming and need urgent evaluation.