LECTURER ECONOMICS PAST PAPERS AND SYLLABUS
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چار آپشن میں سے کسی ایک پر کلک کرنے سے جواب سرخ ہو جائے گا۔
مندرجہ ذیل میں سے کون سی چیز مارکیٹ فیلئر کی وجہ نہیں ہے؟
- Monopsony power
- Monopoly power
- Flexible price
- The neglect of externalities
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Market failure occurs when the free market fails to allocate resources efficiently.
- It happens due to monopoly power, externalities, and other imperfections.
- When prices are flexible, markets can adjust smoothly to supply and demand.
- Flexible prices actually help markets function efficiently, not fail.
- So, it is not a reason for market failure.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
مندرجہ ذیل میں سے کون سی پالیسی تجارتی خسارے اور بلند افراطِ زر سے نمٹنے کے لیے سب سے مناسب ہے؟
- Increasing taxes and reducing government expenditure
- Devaluing of the country's currency
- Imposing tariffs on imports
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- A trade deficit means imports are greater than exports.
- High inflation means prices are rising in the economy.
- The best policy should reduce demand in the economy and control inflation.
- Contractionary fiscal policy helps achieve both goals.
- So, increasing taxes and reducing government spending is most appropriate.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
جب ماریشس کی معیشت مکمل روزگار کی سطح پر ہو تو اس کا کیا مطلب ہے؟
- Everybody is employed
- The economy is in the boom phase of the trade cycle
- There is no deficiency of demand
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Full employment means all available resources, especially labor, are fully utilized.
- At this level, the economy is producing at its maximum sustainable output.
- There is no unemployment caused by lack of demand (no cyclical unemployment).
- However, structural or frictional unemployment may still exist.
- So, it mainly means there is no deficiency of demand in the economy.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
مندرجہ ذیل میں سے کون سی چیز کسی ملک میں مجموعی کھپت میں اضافہ نہیں کرے گی؟
- A fail in investment
- Redistribution of income from high income groups to low income groups
- An increase in the availability of credit
- An increase in Government transfer payments
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Aggregate consumption depends on income, credit availability, and redistribution of income.
- When income of low-income groups rises, consumption increases because they spend more.
- Easy credit and government transfer payments also increase spending in the economy.
- However, a fall in investment does not directly increase consumption.
- So, it will not increase aggregate consumption.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
ٹرانسفر آمدنی کی بہترین تعریف کیا ہے؟
- Does not represent income for production of goods and services
- Is received by house holds
- Arises when people do unpaid jobs for each other
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Transfer income refers to payments received without providing any productive service in return.
- It is not earned income from production of goods or services.
- Examples include pensions, unemployment benefits, and social welfare payments.
- It is mainly a redistribution of income within society.
- So, it is income that does not represent production activity.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
دیگر تمام حالات برابر ہوں تو مہنگائی کس چیز کا باعث بنے گی؟
- A budget deficit
- An increase in the supply of money
- A decrease in the external value of money
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Inflation means a general rise in the price level in an economy.
- When prices increase, the value of money decreases.
- This reduces the purchasing power of currency in international markets.
- As a result, the external value (exchange value) of money falls.
- So, inflation leads to a decrease in the external value of money.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
فرض کریں کہ مجموعی طلب میں کوئی زیادتی نہیں ہے، پھر بھی مہنگائی کس وجہ سے ہو سکتی ہے؟
- Wage increases exceeding productivity increases
- A rise in savings
- A balance of payments deficit
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Inflation usually occurs due to excess demand, but it can also happen without it.
- When production costs increase, firms raise prices even if demand is stable.
- A key cause is higher wages not matched by productivity growth.
- This increases cost of production and leads to cost-push inflation.
- Therefore, inflation can occur due to wage increases exceeding productivity.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
منافع پیداوار کے دیگر عوامل کی آمدنی سے کیوں مختلف ہیں؟
- They are paid first before the other factors of production
- There is contractual obligations
- They fluctuate
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- In economics, profits are the reward for entrepreneurship.
- Unlike wages, rent, or interest, profit is not fixed or guaranteed.
- It depends on business performance, risk, and market conditions.
- Profits can be high, low, or even negative (loss).
- Therefore, profits are different because they fluctuate.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
مارجنل ریونیو پروڈکٹ کَرْو کیا ہے؟
- The cost curve for the product
- The supply curve of the input
- The demand curve for the input
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Marginal Revenue Product (MRP) is the extra revenue a firm earns from employing one more unit of a factor (like labour).
- Firms hire inputs based on the value of their contribution to output.
- The MRP curve shows how much additional revenue each extra unit of input generates.
- In factor markets, it represents the demand for the input.
- Therefore, it is the demand curve for the input.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
سیلز ٹیکس کو متناسب کہا جاتا ہے کیونکہ خریداری کی مقدار سے قطع نظر ایک ہی شرح لاگو ہوتی ہے۔
- True
- False
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- A proportional tax means the tax rate remains the same regardless of income or purchase size.
- Sales tax is charged at a fixed percentage on the value of goods.
- Whether the purchase is small or large, the same rate applies.
- So, the tax burden increases proportionally with spending.
- Therefore, the statement is correct.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
