LECTURER ECONOMICS PAST PAPERS AND SYLLABUS
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چار آپشن میں سے کسی ایک پر کلک کرنے سے جواب سرخ ہو جائے گا۔
معاشرہ قدرتی معیشت کا ایک مصنوعی ذریعہ ہے کی تعریف کس نے دی؟
- MacIver and Page
- Adam Smith
- Thomas Hobbes
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Adam Smith, known as the father of modern economics, emphasized the role of economic systems in shaping society.
- The definition highlights society as a structure developed to manage economic activities.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
جبر کے ذریعے حاصل کی جانے والی خدمات کو کیا کہتے ہیں؟
- Child labour
- Forced labour
- Bonded labour
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- “Services obtained through compulsion” refers to work done against a person’s will.
- It involves pressure, threat, or force rather than free choice.
- Such labour is not voluntary and violates basic rights.
- This concept is widely recognized in labour laws and human rights.
- It is best described as forced labour.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
آبادی میں پیدائشوں کی شرح کو کیا کہتے ہیں؟
- Migration
- Fertility
- Fecundity
- None of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- In population studies, different terms describe birth, death, and movement.
- Birth-related measures focus on how often births occur in a population.
- The term used for actual number of births is fertility.
- It reflects real reproductive performance in a population.
- So, frequency of births is measured by fertility.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
عام شے کے لیے قیمت میں اضافے کا آمدنی اثر کھپت کو کم کرتا ہے۔
- True
- False
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- When the price of a good increases, real income (purchasing power) falls.
- For a normal good, lower real income leads to lower consumption.
- This is known as the income effect.
- So, both substitution and income effects reduce demand.
- Therefore, consumption decreases.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
آمدنی میں فرق کو مکمل طور پر انسانی سرمائے میں سرمایہ کاری کے فرق سے بیان کیا جا سکتا ہے۔
- True
- False
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Human capital includes education, skills, and training.
- It plays an important role in determining earnings.
- However, earnings differences are influenced by many other factors as well.
- These include experience, talent, discrimination, and market conditions.
- So, human capital alone cannot fully explain all differences in earnings.
Last verified 23-04-2026
فری رائیڈر مسئلہ اس وقت پیدا ہوتا ہے جب لوگوں کو خارج کرنا ممکن ہو۔
- True
- False
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- The free rider problem occurs when people can benefit without paying.
- This happens mainly in public goods that are non-excludable.
- If exclusion is possible, free riding can be prevented.
- So, free rider problems arise when exclusion is not feasible.
- Therefore, the statement is incorrect.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
ایک نجی تفریحی پارک میں آتش بازی کا شو ایک عوامی شے ہے۔
- True
- False
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Public goods are those that are non-excludable and non-rival.
- Examples include national defense and street lighting.
- A fireworks display at a private amusement park is usually restricted to paying visitors.
- It is excludable and consumed by those who buy access.
- So, it is not a public good.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
پیٹرولیم کی سپلائی مقرر ہے کیونکہ زمین کے اندر اس کی مقدار محدود ہے۔
- True
- False
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Petroleum is a natural resource found underground in limited quantity.
- It cannot be produced quickly like manufactured goods.
- Its total supply is fixed in the short run because it takes millions of years to form.
- However, extraction levels can change with technology and prices.
- So, the statement is generally correct.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
ٹیکنالوجی میں بہتری سپلائی کو کم کرنے کا باعث بنتی ہے۔
- True
- False
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- Technology refers to the methods used in production.
- An improvement in technology makes production more efficient and cheaper.
- Firms can produce more output with the same resources.
- This increases supply, not decreases it.
- So, the statement is incorrect.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
ماہرینِ معاشیات کے مطابق بجٹ خسارہ کب نقصان دہ ہوتا ہے؟
- Crowds out private expenditures
- Reduces private investment expenditures
- Increases interest rates and injures interest sensitive industries
- All of these
اس سوال کو وضاحت کے ساتھ پڑھیں
Explanation
- A budget deficit occurs when government spending exceeds its revenue.
- It can affect the economy by increasing demand for borrowed funds.
- This may raise interest rates and reduce private investment.
- It can also “crowd out” private sector spending.
Last verified on 23-04-2026
