Explanation

• The Indus Waters Treaty was signed on September 19, 1960, in Karachi.
• It was signed between Pakistan (President Ayub Khan) and India (Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru).
• It was brokered by the World Bank.

It became effective on April 1, 1960.

• Western Rivers (given to Pakistan): Indus, Jhelum, Chenab
• Eastern Rivers (given to India): Ravi, Beas, Sutlej

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

• Rutherford’s gold foil experiment (1911) showed that an atom has a small, dense, positively charged center called the nucleus.
• The mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus, while most of the atom is empty space.

Additional information:

• Nucleus contains: Protons (+) and neutrons (neutral)
• Electrons move around the nucleus in mostly empty space
• The experiment involved alpha particles being deflected by the nucleus.

Last verified on 10-02-2026

Explanation

• A slide is the basic unit of a Microsoft PowerPoint presentation.
• Each slide can contain text, images, charts, tables, audio, video, and animations.
• A presentation consists of one or more slides arranged in sequence.

Additional information:

• The default file extension of a PowerPoint presentation is .pptx (since Office 2007).
• PowerPoint is widely used for education, business, meetings, and seminars.

Last verified on 22-07-2026

Explanation

• Country: Australia
• Founded: 16 November 1920
• Headquarters: Mascot, New South Wales, Australia
• First International Passenger Flight: May 1935
• Full Name: Qantas Airways Limited (Originally: Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services)

Additional information:

• Emirates → United Arab Emirates (UAE)
• Saudia → Saudi Arabia
• Malaysia Airlines → Malaysia
• Pakistan International Airlines (PIA) → Pakistan

Last verified on 21-07-2026

Explanation

• Sound waves in solvents (like liquids) travel as longitudinal waves, where particles vibrate parallel to the direction of wave propagation.
• These are a type of mechanical wave, requiring a medium to travel.

Last verified on 19-03-2026

Explanation

• The FIFA World Cup 2022 was held in Qatar.
• Argentina won the tournament, defeating France in the final.

Additional information:

• 2010: South Africa
• 2014: Brazil
• 2018: Russia
• 2022: Qatar
• 2026: Canada, Mexico, and the United States
• 2030: Spain, Portugal, and Morocco; Anniversary match hosts: Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay
• 2034: Saudi Arabia (Asia)

Last verified on 02-02-2026

Explanation

• Aga Khan III was the first president of the All-India Muslim League, founded in 1906.
• He led the Muslim deputation to the British Viceroy the same year to represent Muslim interests.
• Born: 2 November 1877, Karachi
• Died: 11 July 1957, Versoix, Switzerland
• Burial: Aga Khan Mausoleum, Egypt

Founders of All-India Muslim League:

1. Muhammad Ali Jinnah
2. Aga Khan III
3. Khwaja Salimullah
4. Hakim Ajmal Khan

Last verified on 16-03-2026

Explanation

• Google Chrome is not antivirus software; it is a web browser.
• Antivirus software protects computers from viruses, malware, spyware, and other cyber threats.
• Chrome is mainly used for browsing websites on the internet.

Popular Antivirus Software (Examples)

• Norton
• McAfee
• Avast
• Kaspersky
• Bitdefender

Last verified on 02-07-2026

Explanation

• Namaz-e-Istisqa pray for rain at local mosques.

Additional information:

• Namaz-e-Khasoof (نماز خسوف) is offered at the time of Lunar eclipse.
• Namaz-e-Kasoof (نماز کسوف) is offered at the time of Solar eclipse.

Last verified on 01-07-2026

Explanation

• O₃ is the chemical formula of ozone gas.
• Ozone is an allotrope of oxygen containing three oxygen atoms.
• It is mainly found in the stratosphere, where it forms the ozone layer.
• The ozone layer protects Earth from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

Last verified on 30-06-2026