Explanation

• Alluvium is the soil, sand, silt, clay, and gravel deposited by flowing rivers and streams.
• It forms fertile plains that are highly suitable for agriculture.
• The Indus Plain of Pakistan is largely made up of alluvial deposits.

Additional information:

• Alluvial fans are fan-shaped deposits formed where a river leaves a mountainous area.
• Albedo is the measure of how much sunlight a surface reflects and is unrelated to river deposits.

Last verified on 27-07-2026

Explanation

• Mushrooms are heterotrophs and cannot make their own food.
• They obtain nutrients by absorbing them from dead and decaying organic matter or from living organisms.
• Fungi lack chlorophyll, so they cannot perform photosynthesis.
• Fungi belong to the Kingdom Fungi.

Last verified on 27-07-2026

Explanation

• Viruses are non-cellular and obligate intracellular parasites.
• They cannot carry out life processes or reproduce without a living host cell.
• Viruses contain either DNA or RNA.
• They are considered to be at the boundary between living and non-living.
• The branch of science that studies viruses is called Virology.

Last verified on 27-07-2026

Explanation

• A vegan avoids animal products, including meat, dairy, eggs, and often other animal-derived products.

Additional information 

• Vegetarian: Does not eat meat, but may eat dairy and eggs.
• Carnivore: Eats only meat.
• Omnivore: Eats both plants and meat. 

Last updated 26-07-2026 by NA

Explanation

• Blood pressure readings use two numbers: systolic (top) and diastolic (bottom).
• An ideal normal reading is less than 120/80 mm Hg.
• Cardiac output: More blood pumped by the heart → higher BP.
• Blood volume: Increased blood volume → increased BP.

Last updated 25-07-2026 by NA