Explanation

O₂ has a double bond: one sigma and one pi bond.

Pi bond arises from side-by-side overlap of p orbitals.

Explanation

Titration of a strong acid with a weak base involves reaction between H⁺ ions and OH⁻ ions.

This is a neutralization process, forming salt and water.

Explanation

An emission spectrum is produced when atoms or molecules release energy as they transition from a higher to a lower energy state.

It consists of distinct spectral lines characteristic of the element or compound.

Explanation

Turbidimetry measures the loss of light intensity caused by scattering from suspended particles.

It is used to analyze suspensions and colloidal solutions.

Explanation

Colorimetry measures the absorbance of light by a colored solution.

It is commonly used to determine the concentration of colored compounds.

Explanation

Explanation

Salts formed when hydrochloric acid reacts with a base or metal are called chlorides.

Example: 

NaOH + HCl → NaCl + H₂O

Explanation

The Contact process is a well-established industrial method for producing sulfuric acid.

Sulfur dioxide is oxidized to sulfur trioxide with the help of a catalyst, which then reacts with water to form sulfuric acid. 

Explanation

Industrial urea production uses ammonia and carbon dioxide under high pressure (~150–200 atm) and high temperature (~180–210°C).

These conditions favor the formation of urea efficiently.

Explanation

The triple point is the temperature and pressure where solid, liquid, and gas phases coexist in equilibrium.

For water, it occurs at 0.01°C and 0.006 atm.