Explanation

Major Kharif Crops

1. Rice
2. Sugarcane
3. Cotton
4. Maize
5. Bajra
6. Jowar

• Start: April – June
• End: September – October

• Sowing: October – December
• Harvesting: March – May

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• KS-282 and KS-133 are high-yielding coarse rice cultivars.
• Developed for better grain quality and disease resistance.
• Coarse rice is widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions.
• These cultivars help improve food security and farmer income.
• Suitable for both irrigated and rainfed conditions.

Last verified on 12-02-2026

Explanation

• Pome fruits are characterized by a fleshy outer part and a cartilaginous core.
• Apple, pear, and quince all belong to the pome fruit group.
• These fruits are commonly grown in temperate regions.

Additional information:

• Pome fruits belong to the family Rosaceae.
• Their edible portion develops mainly from the thalamus (receptacle).

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• Viticulture specifically refers to grape cultivation.
• Uses of grapes: Fresh fruit, juice, wine, raisins

Additional information:

• Pomology → study and cultivation of fruits in general
• Olericulture → cultivation of vegetables

Last verified on 25-01-2026

Explanation

• CIMMYT stands for International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center.
• It is a global agricultural research organization.

Additional information:

• Headquarters: El Batán, Mexico
• Founded: 1966

Last verified on 25-01-2026

Explanation

FAO stands for Food and Agriculture Organization.

• Founded: 16 October 1945.
• Headquarter: Rome, Italy.
• World Food Day is observed on 16 October.

Last verified on 25-01-2026

Explanation

• Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) is a serious disease affecting rice crops.
• It is caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.

Additional information:

• Rice Blast – Magnaporthe oryzae
• Sheath Blight – Rhizoctonia solani
• Brown Spot – Cochliobolus miyabeanus
• Tungro Virus – viral disease

Last verified on 24-01-2026

Explanation

• Gurdaspur borer (Bissetia steniellus) is a major destructive pest of sugarcane.
• It attacks sugarcane between July and September.
• It causing the tops to dry and significant yield losses.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Denitrification is the process where nitrates in soil are converted to nitrogen gas by bacteria.
• It is more pronounced in waterlogged soils because low oxygen conditions favor denitrifying bacteria.

Additional information:

• Sandy soil: Well-drained, less denitrification
• Loam soil: Moderate drainage, moderate denitrification

Last verified on 27-01-2026

Explanation

• Guava is commonly propagated by air layering, to maintain true-to-type plants.
• This method ensures early bearing and uniform quality.

Additional information:

• Air layering in guava is usually done during the rainy season for better root development.

Last verified on 27-01-2026