Explanation

Civil Procedure Code (CPC) applies to civil matters, while the Session Court deals with criminal cases under CrPC, not CPC.

Hence, Session Courts do not exercise jurisdiction under CPC.

Explanation

Under Order 1 Rule 10 of CPC, the Court may strike out the name of a party improperly joined.

It also allows the Court to add a necessary or proper party for effective adjudication of the suit.

Explanation

In Islamic law, a will (Wasiyyah) can be made orally or in writing, as long as it is clear and witnessed.

The key condition is that the will must be expressed by the testator’s intention and properly verified by witnesses.

Explanation

Among the given choices, the circumstance that does not make a marriage fasid (irregular) in Islamic law (specifically Hanafi jurisprudence) is Marriage with a cousin.

Marriage with a cousin: Marriage between cousins is permissible and valid in Islam, provided all other conditions of a valid marriage are met.

Explanation

Based on Islamic jurisprudence (specifically the Hanafi school of thought, which is dominant in Pakistan), when a husband gifts bangles (movable property) to his wife and gives her possession, the gift is complete.

Once the gift is complete and possession is delivered, it becomes irrevocable. 

Therefore, Z's subsequent revocation of the gift is void.

Explanation

In custody matters, courts primarily consider the best interest and welfare of the child, not the convenience of parents or siblings.

This includes the child’s physical, emotional, moral, and educational well-being as the guiding principle.

Explanation

The Literal, Golden, and Mischief rules are well-established methods of statutory interpretation.

Judges apply them to discover the true intention of the legislature in different contexts.

Explanation

Liability refers to the state of being responsible under law.

It may be remedial or penal (based on punishment/compensation) and also civil or criminal (based on nature of wrong).

Explanation

Karl Marx viewed law as a reflection of the economic base of society.

He argued that legal systems serve the interests of the ruling economic class.

Explanation

Under the doctrine of stare decisis, lower courts are bound by the decisions of superior courts.

This ensures consistency and uniformity in the judicial system.