Explanation

The Ottoman Empire was founded at the end of the 13th century in northwestern Anatolia in the town of Söğüt by the Turkoman tribal leader Osman I.

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Ankara is the capital while Istanbul is the largest city of Turkey.

Lira is the currency of Turkey.

Explanation

In 1261, following the devastation of Baghdad by the Mongols, the Mamluk rulers of Egypt re-established the Abbasid caliphate in Cairo.

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Abbasid caliphate, second of the two great dynasties of the Muslim empire of the caliphate.

It overthrew the Umayyad caliphate in 750 ce and reigned as the Abbasid caliphate until it was destroyed by the Mongol invasion in 1258.

Explanation

The Abbasid caliphs established the city of Baghdad in 762 CE. It became a center of learning and the hub of what is known as the Golden Age of Islam.

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Abbasid caliphate, second of the two great dynasties of the Muslim empire of the caliphate.

It overthrew the Umayyad caliphate in 750 ce and reigned as the Abbasid caliphate until it was destroyed by the Mongol invasion in 1258.

Explanation

The Islamic Golden Age, traditionally dated from the 8th century to the 13th century, during which much of the historically Islamic world was ruled by various caliphates and science, economic development, and cultural works flourished.

Explanation

The Umayyads incorporated the Caucasus, Transoxiana, Sindh, the Maghreb, and the Iberian Peninsula  into the Muslim world.

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Ameer Muawiyah was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, serving from 661 until his death. (30 years)

Explanation

The Umayyad Caliphate  was the second of the four major caliphates established after the death of Muhammad.

The caliphate was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty  "Sons of Umayyah".

The third caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate, Uthman ibn Affan was also a member of the Umayyad clan. 

Explanation

Explanation

 Umayyad dynasty non-Muslim population had autonomy, their judicial matters were dealt with in accordance with their own laws and by their own religious heads or their appointees.

Non-Muslims paid a poll tax for policing to the central state.

Explanation

The Abbasids overthrew the Umayyad dynasty in 750 CE, supporting the mawali, or non-Arab Muslims, by moving the capital to Baghdad in 762 CE.

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Ameer Muawiyah was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, serving from 661 until his death. (30 years)

Explanation

Ameer Muawiyah was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate, serving from 661 until his death. (30 years)
Ameer Muawiyah Born: 602 AD, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Ameer Muawiyah Died: 680 AD, Damascus
Ameer Muawiyah Children: Yazid I
Ameer Muawiyah Parents: Abu Sufyan ibn Harb, Hind bint Utbah

RY29012023