Explanation

• The conqueror of Spain was Tariq ibn Ziyad.
• He led the Muslim army in 711 AD and began the conquest of the Iberian Peninsula.
• He defeated the Visigothic ruler King Roderic at the Battle of Guadalete.
• His landing place is famously known as Jabal al-Tariq (Gibraltar).

Last verified on 25-04-2026

Explanation

• Imad al-Din Zangi was a famous ruler of the 12th century.
• He was the founder of the Zengid dynasty and a strong military commander.
• He played an important role in fighting the Crusaders.
• He is best known as a great General.

Last verified on 25-04-2026

Explanation

• Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz was a just ruler of the Umayyad Caliphate.
• He ruled from 717 to 720 A.D.
• He died in 720 A.D (101 A.H) at the age of 39 years.
• Known as the 5th Rightly Guided Caliph due to his justice and reforms.

Last verified on 02-04-2026

Explanation

The Umayyad Dynasty was overthrown and its rule in the Islamic Caliphate ended in 750 CE.

When the Abbasid Revolution successfully ousted them;

Umayyad rule continued in Spain (as the Emirate/Caliphate of Córdoba) until 1031 CE. 

Explanation

The first Abbasid caliph, al-Saffāḥ , ordered the elimination of the entire Umayyad clan;

The only Umayyad of note who escaped was ʿAbd al-Raḥman, who made his way to Spain and established an Umayyad dynasty that lasted until 1031.

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Abbasid caliphate, second of the two great dynasties of the Muslim empire of the caliphate.

It overthrew the Umayyad caliphate in 750 ce and reigned as the Abbasid caliphate until it was destroyed by the Mongol invasion in 1258.

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Remember Tips

یاد کرنے کے لیے

1. Rashidin -30 years
2. Umayyad -100 years
3. Abbasid - 500 years
4. Ottoman Empire - 600 years

Explanation

Capitals: Damascus, Harran

Government: Monarchy

Currencies: Dirham, Gold dinar, Fals

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The Umayyad Caliphate  was the second of the four major caliphates established after the death of Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH)

Explanation

In 969, they conquered Egypt, and in 973 they established Cairo as the capital of their caliphate.

The Fatimid Caliphate was an Ismaili Shia caliphate of the 10th to the 12th centuries CE.

Explanation

Explanation

From 750 - 1258

1st ruler: As-Suffah

Longest tenure: Rashidun

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Remember Tips

یاد کرنے کے لیے

1. Rashidin -30 years
2. Umayyad -100 years
3. Abbasid - 500 years
4. Ottoman Empire - 600 years

Explanation

The Rashidun Caliphate (Hazrat AbuBakr, Hazrat Umar, Hazrat Usman, Hazrat Ali رضی اللہ) lasted for 30 years from 632 CE to 661 CE.