Explanation

Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites.

The parasites are spread to people through the bites of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes, called "malaria vectors.

Explanation

Singular noun: Leave 

Plural noun: Leaves 

Leave means پتہ

Explanation

Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plant cells and is essential for photosynthesis

The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy to produce sugars from carbon dioxide and water.

Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, particularly in the blue and red regions of the visible spectrum,

While reflecting green light, giving leaves their characteristic green color.

This absorption of light energy by chlorophyll initiates the process of photosynthesis, allowing plants to produce their own food.

Explanation

Darwinism is a theory of biological evolution developed by the English naturalist Charles Darwin

Darwin's theory of evolution, also called Darwinism, can be further divided into 5 parts:

"evolution as such",

common descent,

gradualism,

population speciation,

and natural selection.

***

There are four principles at work in evolution—

variation,

inheritance,

selection

and time.

ND11-07-2023

Explanation

The two most important factors in the climate of an area are temperature and precipitation.

Explanation

The first evidence of helium was observed on August 18, 1868

 as a bright yellow line with a wavelength of 587.49-nanometers in the spectrum of the chromosphere of the Sun.

The line was detected by French astronomer Jules Janssen during a total solar eclipse in Guntur, India.

Explanation

The main reason for adding helium to the breathing mixture is to make the nitrogen-oxygen ratio lower than the air ratio so that the gas mixture can breathe safely in the deep sea. Lower levels of nitrogen are needed to reduce deep gas nitrogen anesthesia and other physiological effects.

Explanation

Nicolaus Copernicus is widely considered the father of modern astronomy

Because he was the first modern European
*

Galileo Galilei, a later figure, is often called the "father of observational astronomy"

Explanation

Albert Bruce Sabin was a Polish American medical researcher.

Known for developing the oral polio vaccine which has played a key role in nearly eradicating the disease.

Explanation

Every living thing is made up mostly of water. Water is the most abundant substance in living organisms, making up approximately:

- 55-60% of an adult human's body weight

- 70-80% of a plant's weight

- 70-90% of an animal's weight

Water is essential for many biological processes, including:

- Regulating body temperature

- Transporting nutrients and oxygen

- Removing waste products

- Maintaining cell shape and structure

Water is truly the foundation of life!