Explanation

• The study of ancient societies through remains and artifacts is called archaeology.
• It focuses on ruins, tools, coins, and old structures.
• It helps us understand past human civilizations.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• Saturn is the second-largest planet in the solar system.
• Ganymede (Moon of Jupiter) is the largest satellite in the solar system.

Planets and Natural Satellites:

1. Mercury: 0
2. Venus: 0
3. Earth: 1 (Moon)
4. Mars: 2 (Deimos, Phobos)
5. Jupiter: 95
6. Saturn: 274
7. Uranus: 27

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• Total bones in adult human body = 206
• At birth = 270–300 bones (fuse to become 206)

The total bones of our body can be divided into:

• Axial skeleton = 80 bones
• Appendicular skeleton = 126 bones

Additional information:

• Newborn baby has 300 bones
• Longest bone = Femur
• Shortest bone = Stapes
• Bones in human skull = 22

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

• The Sun is a star at the center of our solar system with a surface temperature of about 6000 °C (Sun’s core is even hotter, ~15 million °C).
• It provides light and heat, essential for life on Earth.
• The Sun’s energy drives weather, photosynthesis, and climate.

Last verified on 18-03-2026

Explanation

• The term Geography was first used by the Greek scholar Eratosthenes.
• He lived in the 3rd century BC (around 276–194 BC).
• He is also known as the “Father of Geography”.
• He calculated the circumference of the Earth with remarkable accuracy.
• His work laid the foundation of modern geographical studies.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• The Earth’s circumference at the equator is about 40,075 km (24,901 miles).
• Measured through the poles, it is slightly smaller: 40,008 km (24,860 miles).
• The difference is due to the equatorial bulge caused by Earth's rotation.
• Diameter: ~12,756 km (7,926 miles).
• Age of Earth: ~4.453 billion years.

Last verified on 31-03-2026

Explanation

• Titan is the largest moon of Saturn.
• It is also the second-largest moon in the solar system after Ganymede.
• It has a thick atmosphere mainly of nitrogen.
• Titan is larger than the planet Mercury in size.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• Whales evolved from land-dwelling mammals.
• Their ancestors gradually adapted to aquatic life.
• Over millions of years, they moved from land to sea.
• They developed flippers instead of legs for swimming.
• This is an example of evolution and adaptation.

Last verified on 26-04-2026

Explanation

• Edward Jenner was an English physician and scientist.
• He discovered the first vaccine for smallpox in 1796.
• He observed that milkmaids infected with cowpox were protected from smallpox.
• This led to the development of vaccination (cowpox-based immunity method).
• He is known as the Father of Immunology.

Last verified on 02-05-2026

Explanation

• Digestion begins in the mouth, starting immediately when food is ingested.
• Both mechanical digestion (chewing) and chemical digestion (salivary amylase breaking down carbohydrates) 

Additional information:

• Mouth: Food is chewed and mixed with saliva that contains enzymes to break down carbohydrates.
• Esophagus: Food is swallowed and passes through the esophagus into the stomach.
• Stomach: Food is mixed with stomach acid and enzymes to break down proteins and fats.
• Small Intestine: Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream.
• Large Intestine: Water and electrolytes are absorbed, and waste is eliminated.

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Last updated by NS on 01 MAY 2026