Explanation

• An anion is a negative charge (or negatively charged ion).
• The 'n' in anion stands for negative
• Formed when non-metal gains electrons.
• They gain one or more than one electron.
• Formation: Gained electrons.
• Attracted to the anode (positively charged electrode).
• Generally larger than their parent atoms. 

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Cations are ions that are positively charged

Last updated 15-03-2026

Explanation

• Nitrogen (N2) makes up about 78% of the Earth's atmosphere.
• Making it the most abundant gas in the atmosphere.
• It is followed by oxygen (~21%), with other gases in much smaller amounts.

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• The filament of an electric bulb is made of Tungsten.
• Because it has a very high melting point (~3422°C).
• It can glow brightly without melting.
• Tungsten provides efficient and long-lasting light in incandescent bulbs.

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• Valency is the combining capacity of an atom to form molecules or compounds.
• It depends on the number of electrons an atom can lose, gain, or share to complete its outer shell.

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• All plants move Anticlockwise around Sun.
• All plants move anticlockwise around their axis.
• Earth rotates its axis from West to East.

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• Mitochondria are cell organelles responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate) through cellular respiration. 
• They are called the “Powerhouse of the cell” because they provide the energy required for all cellular activities.
• Mitochondria have their own DNA and ribosomes, allowing them to replicate independently.

Last verified on 14-03-2026

Explanation

• Law of Inertia = Newton’s First Law of Motion.
• States: “An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion continues in the same direction and speed unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.”
• Explains why seat belts are important in cars.
• Applies to all objects on Earth and in space.

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

• The Sun is a star.
• There are lots of stars, but the Sun is the closest one to Earth.
• It is the center of our solar system.
• The Sun is a hot ball of glowing gases.
• The sun is composed of layers made up almost entirely of hydrogen and helium.

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

• Refraction: Bending of light when it passes from one medium to another.
• A prism bends light at different angles depending on wavelength.
• This separation of colors is called dispersion, forming a spectrum.
• Visible spectrum colors: Red, Orange, Yellow, Green, Blue, Indigo, Violet (ROYGBIV).

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

• Double Displacement Reaction: Two compounds exchange ions or radicals to form new compounds.
• General form: AB + CD → AD + CB.
• Example: Na₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ → BaSO₄ + 2NaCl

Additional information:

• Decomposition: Single compound breaks into two or more simpler substances.
• Combination (Synthesis): Two or more substances combine to form one compound.

Last verified on 13-03-2026