Explanation

• Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells.
• Animal cells do not have chloroplasts.
• That's why chloroplast is a major difference between animal and plant cells.

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Sodium is a metal, and metallic bonding involves positive ions in a lattice surrounded by a sea of free (delocalized) electrons.

This structure gives metals properties like electrical conductivity and malleability.

Explanation

When dilute acids react with many metals, they produce hydrogen gas.

For example:

2HCl + Zn → ZnCl2 + H2.

Explanation

When acids react with carbonates, they produce carbon dioxide gas, water, and a salt.

For example:

2HCl + Na2CO3 → 2NaCl + H2O + CO2.

Explanation

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong electrolyte because it completely dissociates into ions in water.

It conducts electricity well.

It is used in many industrial processes.

Explanation

Non-electrolytes are substances that do not dissociate into ions in solution, so they do not conduct electricity.

Examples include sugar and pure water.

Explanation

Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) is commonly known as soda ash.

It is used in glass making, detergents, and water softening.

Explanation

When an electron jumps from a higher to a lower energy level, it radiates energy in the form of light or photons.

This process is responsible for the emission spectra seen in atoms.