Explanation

• The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based hyperbolic navigation system
• Current usable satellites: 31 operational
• Minimum Requirement: 24, arranged in six orbital planes.
• Country/ies of origin: United States
• Operator: US Space Force (Mission Delta 31)
• First launch February 22, 1978
• Last launch January 28, 2026
• Total launches: 81

Last updated 15-03-2026

Explanation

• Valency is the combining capacity of an atom to form molecules or compounds.
• It depends on the number of electrons an atom can lose, gain, or share to complete its outer shell.

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• Work means کسی مخصوص ڈیوٹی یا اسائنمنٹ کے لئے
• Task means ایسی کوئی چیز جس کو پورا کرنے یا مکمل کرنے کی ضرورت ہے

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

• The symbol ⁴₂He indicates helium has 2 protons (atomic number = 2) and mass number = 4.
• In a neutral atom, the number of electrons = protons, so helium has 2 electrons.

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

• Glucose is a simple sugar (monosaccharide) and a primary source of energy for cells.
• Its chemical formula is C6H12O6.

Additional information:

• Fructose: C6H12O6 (same formula as glucose, different structure)
• Galactose: C6H12O6
• Ribose: C5H10O5
• Deoxyribose: C5H10O4
• Sucrose (disaccharide): C12H22O11

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

• The ozone layer acts as Earth’s natural sunscreen, protecting life from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
• UV radiation can cause skin cancer, eye damage, and harm to plants and animals.

Additional information:

• Chemical Formula: O₃ (three oxygen atoms)
• Layer Location: Stratosphere, 15–40 km above Earth
• Function: Absorbs UV-B and UV-C rays from the Sun
• Depletion Causes: Air pollution, CFCs, industrial chemicals
• Protection Measures: Reduce CFC use, ozone-friendly products

Last verified on 09-03-2026

Explanation

• Excited means very happy, enthusiastic, or emotionally stimulated.
• Uninterested and cold shows lack of enthusiasm or emotion, which is the opposite of excited.

• Excited means بہت خوش، پرجوش، یا جذباتی طور پر محرک
• Uninterested and cold means جوش یا جذبات کی کمی کو ظاہر کرتا ہے۔

Last verified on 08-03-2026

Explanation

• Superscript raises the text slightly above the normal line, often used for exponents, footnotes, or ordinal numbers.
• Shortcut in MS Word: Ctrl + Shift + =
• Example: x² (2 is superscript)

Additional information:

• Subscript: Ctrl + = (text goes below the line)
• Bold: Ctrl + B
• Italic: Ctrl + I
• Underline: Ctrl + U

Last verified on 06-03-2026

Explanation

Prophet Muhammad belonged to the Banu Hashim (Hashimite) clan

Named after his great-grandfather, Hashim ibn Abd Manaf, this clan was part of the Adnani Quraish. 

Tribe: Quraysh

Parents: Abdullah ibn Abd al-Muttalib and Aminah bint Wahb

NOTE:The Banu Hashim held a prestigious position in Mecca, often responsible for providing water to pilgrims at the Kaaba. 

Last updated 18-02-2026

Explanation

CPU speed is primarily measured in Hertz (Hz), and Gigahertz (GHz) for modern processors

The fundamental unit is Hertz (Hz), where 1 Hz = 1 cycle per second.

Modern Units: Most, if not all, modern processors use Gigahertz (GHz), where  1 GHz = 10^9 Hz (one billion cycles per second).

Context: It is often referred to as the "clock speed" or "clock rate" of the CPU.

Mbps measures internet speed.

Mbytes measure data size.

Last updated 15-feb-2026