Explanation

• Attack Date: 24 February 2022, before 5:00 a.m. Kyiv time
  • Declared By: Vladimir Putin as “special military operation”
  • Territorial Control: Russia controls ~1.8% area around Kharkiv (east Ukraine)
  • Reason: Rising tensions due to Russian military buildup in 2021

Additional information:

• Capital: Moscow
• Area: 17.1 million km²
• Currency: Russian Ruble
• Population: 144.1 million (2020, World Bank)
• Continent: Europe & Asia

Last verified on 02-02-2026

Explanation

Host Country: Japan

Host City: Tokyo

Actual Dates: July 23 – August 8, 2021

Reason for Delay: COVID-19 pandemic 

Additional information:

Last verified on 02-02-2026

Explanation

• Date: 16 August 1946
  • Location: Calcutta (now Kolkata), Bengal, British India
  • Organizer: All India Muslim League
  • Announced By: Muhammad Ali Jinnah
  • Outcome: Large-scale communal riots and violence between Hindus and Muslims

Last verified on 02-02-2026

Explanation

A heptagon is a polygon that has seven sides.

It is a closed figure having 7 vertices.

A heptagon is also sometimes called Septagon.

while

Triangle (3-sided polygon)

Quadrilateral (4-sided polygon)

Pentagon (5-sided polygon)

Hexagon (6-sided polygon)

Heptagon (7-sided polygon)

Octagon ( 8 sided polygon) 

ND27-7-2023

Explanation

• The Treaty of Versailles officially ended World War I.
  • It was signed on 28 June 1919 between Germany and the Allied Powers.
  • The treaty codified terms, reparations, and territorial changes after the war.
  • It laid the foundation for post-war international relations and the League of Nations.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

• Vitamin A deficiency → Night blindness (Nyctalopia)
• Vitamin A is important for vision and immune function.

Additional information:

• Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting.
• Vitamin D helps in calcium absorption and bone mineralization.
• Vitamin B1 supports nerve function and energy metabolism.

Last verified on 01-02-2026

Explanation

The first constitution of Pakistan was enforced on March 23, 1956.

It was passed by the Assembly on February 29, 1956

And remained the fundamental law of Pakistan until 1958.

It comprised 234 articles, 13 parts, and 6 schedules.

After nine years, Pakistan finally got its first constitution

Choudhry Mohammad Ali was the Prime Minister at that time 

However, the first constitution was abrogated Ayoub Khan enforced a new one in June 1962.

Explanation

WTO (World Trade Organization) was established on 1 January 1995.

It succeeded GATT.

Pakistan joined WTO on 1 January 1995.

Additional information:

• Members: 164
• Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland
• Official Languages: English, French, Spanish

Objectives:

• Protect Intellectual Property Rights
• Promote Free Trade
• Remove Trade Quotas

Last verified on 16-01-2026

Explanation

• Founded: 17 February 1863, Geneva, Switzerland
• Founder: Henry Dunant
• Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland

• International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement

• Protection of prisoners of war
• Assistance to war victims and civilians
• Promotion of international humanitarian law (Geneva Conventions)

• 1917 – World War I humanitarian services
• 1944 – World War II humanitarian services
• 1963 – 100th anniversary of Red Cross

Last verified on 29-01-2026

Explanation

Kashmir Black Day is observed annually on 27 October.

It commemorates 27 October 1947, when Indian forces entered Kashmir.

The day has increased significance following the 5 August 2019, revocation of Article 370 by India.