Explanation

• The border between Pakistan and Afghanistan is called the Durand Line.
• It was drawn in 1893.
• It was established as the official border between British India and Afghanistan.
• British representative: Sir Mortimer Durand
• Afghan ruler: Amir Abdur Rahman Khan
• Length: Around 2,640 km (2,611 km)

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Last verified on 09-06-2026

Explanation

• ROM (Read Only Memory) is a non-volatile storage device.
• It stores data permanently even without power.

Additional information:

• RAM (Random Access Memory) is a volatile storage device.
• It loses data when power is off.

Last verified on 17-06-2026

Explanation

• Pakistan conducted a series of nuclear tests on 28 May 1998 at the Chagai test site, in Balochistan.
• 5 Nuclear tests were conducted by Pakistan at 15:15 hrs PST on 28 May 1998.
• The tests were performed at Ras Koh Hills in the Chagai District of Balochistan Province.
• Chagai-I was Pakistan's first public test of nuclear weapons.

Additional information:

• Chagai-II is the codename assigned to the second atomic test conducted by Pakistan, carried out on 30 May 1998.
• These tests followed the Chagai-I series.
• The test site was Kharan Desert, Pakistan.
• The number of tests is 1.

Last verified on 30-03-2026

Explanation

• Mercury Symbol: Hg
• Atomic number: 80
• Melting point: -38.83 °C
• Atomic mass: 200.59 u

Last verified on 13-03-2026

Explanation

• The current Chief Justice of Pakistan is Yahya Afridi.
• Position: 30th Chief Justice of Pakistan
• Took Office: October 26, 2024
• He replaced Qazi Faez Essa.
• Retirement: 22 January 2030
• He will serve as CJP until 2027.

Additional information:

• Born on 23 January 1965 in Kohat.
• Appointed as an Additional Judge of the Peshawar High Court in 2010.
• He became the judge in Supreme Court of Pakistan in 2018.

Explanation

1962 Constitution

• System: Presidential System
• Introduced by: General Ayub Khan
• Legislature: National Assembly + Provincial Assemblies
• Election system: Indirect (Basic Democracies)

Additional information:

1956 Constitution

• System: Parliamentary System
• Head of State: President (ceremonial)
• Head of Government: Prime Minister

1973 Constitution

• Head of Government: Prime Minister (executive authority)
• System: Parliamentary System (Federal Parliamentary Democracy)
• Head of State: President (ceremonial role)

Last verified on 23-06-2026

Explanation

• Date Signed: 10 January 1966
• Place: Tashkent, Soviet Union (now Uzbekistan)
•  It was a peace treaty between India and Pakistan following the 1965 war

Signatories:

• Ayub Khan – President of Pakistan
• Lal Bahadur Shastri – Prime Minister of India
• Alexei Kosygin – Premier of USSR (mediator)

Last verified on 16-01-2026

Explanation

• Inventor: Tim Berners-Lee
• Collaborator: Robert Cailliau
• Year of invention: 1989 August
• Organization: CERN (European physics lab, Switzerland)
• First website: 1991 (public release)
• WWWW stands for World-Wide Web Worm.

Last verified on 24-06-2026

Explanation

• Mount Logan is the highest mountain in Canada.
• It is located in the Yukon territory of Canada.
• It is the second-highest peak in North America after Denali.
• It was named after William Edmond Logan.
• Its highest point is 5,959 meters (19,551 feet) above sea level.
• First ascent: 1925

Last verified on 22-06-2026

Explanation

• William Harvey discovered the circulation of blood.
• He was the first physician to completely describe systemic blood circulation.
• Famous book: De Motu Cordis (On the Motion of the Heart and Blood) (1628)
• He is known as the Father of Circulation of Blood.

Additional information:

• Birth: 1578
• Death: 1657

Last verified on 23-06-2026