Explanation

• First Hajj: Hazrat Adam (A.S) and Hazrat Hawwa (A.S)
• Kaaba rebuilt by: Hazrat Ibrahim (A.S) and Hazrat Ismail (A.S)
• Hajj became obligatory: 9 Hijri
• Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) performed Hajj: 10 Hijri (632 AD)
• Hajjat-ul-Wada: The first and last Hajj of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
• The Prophet (PBUH) performed Umrah four times in his life.

Last verified on 14-03-2026

Explanation

• Mohenjo-Daro was a major city of the Indus Valley Civilization (2600–1900 BC).
• Its economy depended heavily on trade and commerce.
• Archaeological evidence shows trade with Iran and Afghanistan, and even with regions like Mesopotamia.
• Goods such as cotton, beads, and metals were exchanged through land and sea routes.

Last verified on 14-03-2026

Explanation

• The Battle of Miani was fought on 17 February 1843.
• It was between the British East India Company and the Talpur rulers of Sindh.
• Sir Charles Napier led the British army and defeated the Talpurs.
• It leading to the annexation of Sindh.

Last verified on 14-03-2026

Explanation

• Antarctica is the southernmost continent on Earth.
• It is centered around the South Pole.
• It is covered with ice.
• It is the coldest continent.
• No permanent human settlements, only research stations.

Additional information:

• Area: About 14 million km²
• Ice coverage: ~98% of the continent
• Interesting fact: Holds around 90% of the world’s ice
• Wildlife: Penguins, seals, and migratory birds

Last verified on 14-03-2026

Explanation

• Dark green field: Represents Muslim majority in Pakistan.
• White stripe: Represents religious minorities.
• Crescent: Symbolizes progress.
• Star: Symbolizes light and knowledge.

Colors Meaning:

• Green: Hope, joy, love, and Islam
• White: Peace and honesty

Last verified on 14-03-2026

Explanation

• The flag of China is called the Five-starred Red Flag.
• It was adopted on 1 October 1949.
• It is the founding day of the People’s Republic of China.
• The large star represents the Communist Party, and the four smaller stars represent the four social classes united under the party.
• The red color symbolizes revolution and the blood of martyrs.
• Designer: Zeng Liansong

Last verified on 14-03-2026

Explanation

• Turan was an ancient geographical term used in Persian history and literature.
• It referred to the lands north of Iran, mainly inhabited by Turkic and Central Asian tribes.
• It was used for Turkic and nomadic tribes living beyond the Oxus River (Amu Darya).
• The term appears frequently in the Persian epic Shahnameh.
• Historically, Turan corresponds mainly to the Central Asian region.

Last verified on 14-03-2026

Explanation

• Nowruz (Navroz) is the Persian New Year festival celebrated in Iran, Central Asia, and some other regions.
• It usually falls on 21 March each year.
• It marks the arrival of spring and the spring equinox.

Additional information:

• Main countries celebrating: Iran, Afghanistan, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan
• The festival has been celebrated for over 3,000 years.
• Nowruz was recognized by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2009.
• The United Nations declared 21 March as International Nowruz Day in 2010.

Last verified on 14-03-2026

Explanation

• The mosque is also called the “Emperor’s Mosque.”
• It is the third largest mosque.
• Prayer capacity: Around 100,000 people

Additional information:

• They were built by Emperor Aurangzeb in 1671.
• The construction was completed in 1673.
• In 1947, as symbols of the state.
• Architect: Nawab Zain Yar Jang Bahadur
• Opened: 1673
• Height: 69 m
• Number of minarets: 8

Last verified on 14-03-2026

Explanation

• The word Diwali comes from the Sanskrit term “Deepavali”.
• It means a row or series of lights (lamps).
• It refers to the tradition of lighting lamps to symbolize the victory of light over darkness.

Last verified on 14-03-2026