Explanation

• Battery is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
• Batteries work by using a galvanic cell.
• It is an electrochemical device made up of two electrodes and an electrolyte solution.

Last verified on 16-03-2026

Explanation

• Chlorophyll is the green pigment responsible for photosynthesis in plants.
• It captures sunlight and converts it into chemical energy to make food.

• Plants use chlorophyll to produce glucose and oxygen through photosynthesis.
• Chloroplasts contain chlorophyll a and b, which absorb sunlight.

Last verified on 22-01-2026

Explanation

• Khewra Salt Mine is located in Khewra near Pind Dadan Khan, Jhelum District, Punjab.
• It is the largest and oldest salt mine in Pakistan.
• It is the second-largest in the world.

Additional information:

• It is also called the Mayo Salt Mine.
• The salt deposits were discovered during the campaign of Alexander the Great in 326 BC.
• The mine was officially opened in 1872 during the British period.

Last verified on 14-03-2026

Explanation

• Currency: Renminbi (Yuan/CNY)
• Symbol: ¥ / 元
• Capital: Beijing
• Official Language: Mandarin
• Continent: Asia
• Parliament: National People’s Congress (NPC)
• National Sport: Table Tennis
• Religion: No official religion

Explanation

• Mars is known as the Red Planet due to its reddish appearance.
• Its surface contains iron oxide (rust) which gives it a red color.
• It is the 4th planet from the Sun in the solar system.
• Mars has two small moons: Phobos and Deimos.
• Mars is often called the “planet of future exploration”.

Last updated by NA on 05-11-2026

Explanation

• Petroleum, Coal, and Natural gas are all fossil fuels. 
• They are non-renewable energy sources 
• Major contributors to global energy production.
• Coal: A solid fossil fuel primarily derived from ancient swamp plants.
• Petroleum (Oil): from the remains of marine microorganisms like plankton.
• Natural gas: Composed of methane, often found in underground deposits alongside petroleum or coal

Last updated on 06-March-2026

Explanation

• The ozone layer protects the Earth from the sun.
• It is a part of the atmosphere that absorbs most of the harmful ultraviolet light from the sun.
• It sits in the stratosphere.
• It is about 9 to 18 miles above the Earth.
• It stops dangerous UV rays from hurting living things.

Last updated by NS on 14-8-2026

Explanation

• Designer: Amir Uddin Kidwai Adoption Date: 11 August 1947 (officially adopted) Additional information: Green field – represents Muslims of Pakistan White stripe – represents minorities and religious minorities’ rights Crescent and star – symbol of progress and light Proportion of flag: 2:3 (height:width)

Last verified on 16-01-2026

Explanation

• Sayee is the act of walking or running seven times between the hills of Safa and Marwa in Makkah.
• It is a required ritual in Hajj and Umrah.

Additional information:

• Location: Masjid al-Haram, Makkah
• Performed after: Tawaf (circumambulation of Kaaba)
• Next ritual after Sayee: Hujjaj go to Mina
• Symbolism: Hajar’s search for water for her son, Prophet Ismael (PBUH)

Last verified on 15-03-2026

Explanation

• Wuquf (وقف) is the central ritual of Hajj where pilgrims stand in prayer and supplication.
• It takes place at Mount Arafat.
• It is considered the most important day of Hajj.
• Date: 9th of Dhul-Hijjah (Islamic calendar)

Last verified on 19-03-2026