Explanation

• Imbibition is the process where seeds absorb water, swell, and become metabolically active.
• It is the first step in seed germination.
• Occurs due to osmosis and capillary action.

Explanation

• Horticulture means پھول، جڑی بوٹیاں، پھل اور سبزیاں کاشت کرنے کا علم
• Horticulture is the agriculture of plants.
  
  
  
  Additional information:
  • Agrostology: Study of grasses 
  • Agronomy: Soil management and crop production 
  • Odontology: Study of teeth 
  • Arthrology: Study of joints 
  • Nephrology: Study of kidneys
  • Hematology: Study of blood  
  • Dermatology: Study of skin

Last verified on 30-01-2026

Explanation

• A hydrometer is an instrument used to measure the specific gravity of liquids.
• It works based on the principle of buoyancy.
• It is widely used to test milk, alcohol, and battery acid.
• Commonly used in laboratories and industries.

Last verified on 30-01-2026

Explanation

• Urea fertilizer contains 46% nitrogen (N).
• Urea is a white crystalline solid.
• It is widely used as a fertilizer and animal feed additive.

Last verified on 31-01-2026

Explanation

• Apiculture is the practice of rearing honeybees for honey and wax production.
• Helps in pollination and increasing crop yields.
• Honey, beeswax, and propolis are valuable products from apiculture.

• Sericulture → Rearing of silk worms.
• Silviculture → Cultivation of trees and forests.

Last verified on 30-01-2026

Explanation

• The study of tissues is called Histology.
• It involves examining the structure, composition, and function of cells and tissues under a microscope.
  

Additional information:

• Geology is the study of rocks and Earth's structure.
• Radiology is the study of medical imaging techniques like X-rays and MRI.

Last verified on 22-01-2026

Explanation

• Germ Theory of Disease states that microorganisms (germs) cause diseases.
• Proposed by Louis Pasteur (1822–1895), a French scientist.
• This theory revolutionized medicine, leading to vaccines and sterilization methods.

Additional information:

• Robert Koch later developed techniques to identify specific germs for specific diseases.

Last verified on 29-01-2026

Explanation

• When AlCl₃ is heated, it dimerizes to Al₂Cl₆.
• In Al₂Cl₆, each Al atom shares electrons with a Cl atom from the other AlCl₃ unit, forming covalent coordinate (dative) bonds.

Additional information:

• Al₂Cl₆ exists as a dimer in the gas phase, which is electron-deficient and demonstrates Lewis acid behavior.

Last verified on 28-01-2026

Explanation

Explanation

There are four fundamental states of matter: solid, liquid, gas and plasma

1. Solid: Fixed shape and volume; particles tightly packed.
2. Liquid: Fixed volume but takes container's shape; particles close but move.
3. Gas: No fixed shape or volume; particles far apart and move freely. 
4. Plasma: Ionized gas, found in stars, lightning; electrically charged.