Explanation

Phosphorus is a major mineral in the human body.

It makes up about 14–17% of the skeleton.

Additional information:

Skeleton Composition:

• Calcium: ~65%
• Phosphorus: ~14–17%
• Magnesium: ~1%
• Sodium & others: trace amounts

Last verified on 16-01-2026

Explanation

• Nature of Disease: Chronic and progressive
• Main Causes: Hepatitis B & C, alcohol abuse, fatty liver disease
• Effect: Scarring (fibrosis) reduces liver efficiency

Explanation

• The intensity of a stimulus in the brain is detected by the frequency of nerve impulses. 
• A stronger stimulus produces a higher number of action potentials per second.

Additional information:

• The brain interprets stimulus strength by impulse frequency, not impulse size
• Common in sensory neurons (touch, pain, sound)

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

• Came into Force: 16 February 2005

  Adopted: 11 December 1997 (Kyoto, Japan)

• Objective: Reduce greenhouse gas emissions

• Parties: 190+ countries

• Linked To: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

In plant cells, the Calvin cycle occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast.

Additional information:

• Discovered by: Melvin Calvin
• Phase of Photosynthesis: Dark reaction (light-independent)
• Main Function: Conversion of CO₂ into glucose
• Energy Used: ATP and NADPH

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

• Protein-coding DNA: ~1.5–2% of the human genome
• Total genes: ~20,000–21,000 protein-coding genes
• Non-coding DNA: ~98% (regulatory, introns, repetitive sequences)
• Genome size: ~3 billion base pairs

Additional information:

• Non-coding DNA plays roles in gene regulation and expression
• Earlier called “junk DNA,” now known to have important biological functions

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

• Location: Sandouping, Yiling District, Hubei, China (on Yangtze River)
• Type & Status: Hydroelectric gravity dam; world’s largest power station
• Construction Timeline: Began 14 December 1994, opened in 2003
• Completion: Fully completed in 2012
• Capacity & Purpose: 22,500 MW; flood control, power generation, navigation

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

Capital: Bamako (largest city) 🇲🇱

Currency: West African CFA franc (XOF)

Official / Working Language: French (widely used in government and education)

Continent: Africa (landlocked country)

Religion: Predominantly Islam (about 95%), with minorities of Christians and traditional beliefs

Head of Government: Prime Minister Abdoulaye Maïga (interim) under transitional government led by President Assimi Goïta

Parliament / Legislature: National Assembly (unicameral legislature)

Last verified on 15-01-2026

Explanation

• Trigger Event: Self-immolation of Mohamed Bouazizi, a Tunisian street vendor
• Other Countries Affected: Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Syria, Bahrain
• Significance: Led to regime changes and increased demands for democracy and human rights

Explanation