Explanation

The periosteum is a fibrous connective tissue membrane that covers the outer surface of most bones, providing blood supply and contributing to bone growth and repair. 

Explanation

 The bronchioles are small branches of the bronchi, and they eventually end in tiny air sacs called alveoli where gas exchange occurs. 

Explanation

A respiratory surface must have a good supply of blood. 

A respiratory surface needs to be thin, permeable, and have a large surface area to efficiently facilitate gas exchange.

However, the crucial aspect is the blood supply.

The proximity of blood capillaries to the respiratory surface allows for the rapid transfer of oxygen from the air to the blood and carbon dioxide from the blood to the air. 

Explanation

 Phylum Chordata is divided into three subphyla.

• Urochordata (Tunicata)
• Cephalochordata
• Vertebrata 

Explanation

 Ostia are small pores on the sponge's body that allow water to flow in, leading to the central cavity called the spongocoel. 

Explanation

The exoskeleton of coelenterates is made of Calcium carbonate. 

Coelenterates like corals primarily have exoskeletons composed of calcium carbonate

Explanation

 Halophiles are archaea that thrive in extremely salty environments like the Dead Sea,

So they are the most prevalent type of archaea found there

Explanation

Viruses are microscopic particles that require a host cell to replicate.

Mycoplasma, while small and sometimes considered a pathogen, is a type of bacteria.

Bacteria are capable of independent replication, unlike viruses which need to infect a host cell to reproduce. 

Explanation

Light intensity refers to the amount of light energy reaching a plant's surface per unit time.

This directly impacts the rate of photosynthesis as more light energy available means more ATP and NADPH can be produced, driving the Calvin cycle

Higher light intensity generally leads to increased photosynthetic activity. 

Explanation

 Nucleic acids are composed of nucleotides.

NTPs (Nucleoside Triphosphates) are a type of nucleotide.

They consist of a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar (ribose in RNA or deoxyribose in DNA), and three phosphate groups

Nucleic acids like DNA and RNA are built from chains of these nucleotides.