Explanation

• 1st Martial Law imposed by Iskandar Mirza 1958
• **
• From 1953 to 1958, he served in the civilian government as Defence and Home Minister
• and supported President Iskander Mirza's decision to impose martial law against Prime Minister Feroze Khan's administration in 1958
• **
• iskandar Ali Mirza who was the first president of Pakistan abrogated the constitution of 1956 on 07-October-1958.
• Ø  Ayoub Khan was made chief martial law after this abrogation.
• Ø  Feroz Khan Noun was the prime minister at the time of the first Martial Law in Pakistan.

• ist of Martial Laws Held in Pakistan from 1947 to 2022

  Sr#	Martial Law Number	Date of Martial Law	Martial Law Implemented by
  1	First Martial Law	7th October 1958	Iskandar Mirza
  2	2nd Martial Law	25th March 1969	General Yahya Khan
  3	3rd Martial Law	25th July 1977	General Zia ul Haq
  4	4th Martial Law	12th October 1999	General Pervaiz Musharraf

   

  There are total four martial laws Implemented in Pakistan from 1947 to 2022

Explanation

• Hazrat Abu Bakr (R.A) entrusted the compilation of the Holy Quran to Hazrat Zaid bin Thabit (R.A).
• This decision was made after many Huffaz (memorizers of Quran) were martyred in the Battle of Yamama.
• Hazrat Umar (R.A) suggested compiling the Quran in written form for preservation.
• Hazrat Zaid bin Thabit (R.A) collected verses from written materials and memories of companions.
• This ensured the safe preservation of the Holy Quran in a single manuscript.

Last verified on 25-06-2026

Explanation

• Hazrat Abu Ubaidah bin al-Jarrah (RA) was one of the Ashra Mubashra.
• He was given the title Ameen-ul-Ummat (Trustee of the Ummah).
• He was known for honesty, trustworthiness, and leadership.
• He played an important role in Islamic conquests in Syria.
• He was among the closest companions of the Prophet (PBUH).

Last verified on 28-04-2026

Explanation

• The SI unit of electric current is Ampere (A).
• Electric current measures the flow of electric charge.
• Defined using the elementary charge (e = 1.602176634 × 10⁻¹⁹ C).
• Named after: André-Marie Ampère (scientist).
• 1 Ampere = 1 Coulomb per second (1 A = 1 C/s).

Last verified on 08-06-2026

Explanation

• Introduction: May 1959
• Announced by: General Muhammad Ayub Khan
• Martial Law imposed: October 1958
• Basic Democrats: 80,000 total (40,000 from East + 40,000 from West Pakistan)
• System purpose: Indirect elections of President & assemblies

Additional information:

• The system was formalized under the Basic Democracies Order (BDO), 1959.
• First Presidential election under this system was held in 1965.

Last verified on 23-06-2026

Explanation

• Diamond is a naturally occurring allotropic form of carbon.
• Allotropy means a single element can exist in more than one form with different structures and properties.
• It is extremely hard.
• It has a high melting point.
• It is widely used in jewelry and cutting tools.

Additional information:

• Graphite – soft, good conductor
• Fullerenes (C60) – spherical molecules
• Carbon nanotubes – tubular, high strength
• Amorphous carbon – coal, soot
• Lonsdaleite – hexagonal diamond

Last verified on 17-01-2026

Explanation

• Meteorology is the scientific study of the atmosphere, especially weather and climate.
• It involves forecasting and understanding atmospheric phenomena.
• Meteorology is a branch of the atmospheric sciences.
• Metrology is the scientific study of measurement.

Last verified on 03-04-2026

Explanation

Sikandar Sultan Raja appointed CEC: 27 January 2020

Sikandar Sultan Raja: first retired bureaucrat to have ever been appointed as the head of the top electoral body

Previously, Sardar Muhammad Raza was CEC (retired on December 5, 2019)

Explanation

About Senate of Pakistan

• Senate: Upper House of Pakistan
• Senate in Urdu: ایوان بالا
• Senate elections: after 3 years
• Members term: 6 years
• Half of the Senate members retire after: 3 years
• Formation: 1973
• Original members: 45
• Raised to 63: 1977
• Raised 87: 2 March, 1985
• Raised to 100: 2002
• Current: 96

Additional information:

• Head of Senate is called: Chairman
• National Assembly & Senate: Makes up the Parliament of Pakistan
• Seats for each province: 23
• Baluchistan, Sindh, KPK, Punjab Women Seats: 4
• ICT Women Seat: 1
• Total Women Seats: 17

First woman deputy chairperson: Dr Noor Jahan Panezai.

Youngest Chairman Senate: Sadiq Sanjrani.

First Chairman Senate: Habib Ullah Khan.

First Hindu Woman Senator: Kirshna Kumari.

Last verified on 24-03-2026

Explanation

• Elective Bodies Disqualification Order (EBDO) was introduced by Ayub Khan in August 1959.
• It aimed to disqualify politicians accused of corruption or misconduct.
• About 75 political leaders were affected.
• Disqualification period was 8 years (till 1966).
• It restricted many leaders from taking part in politics.

Last verified on 01-05-2026