Explanation

The family of the Raja of Gwalior presented the famous diamond to Emperor Humayun.

This occurred after the First Battle of Panipat in 1526.

It following the defeat and death of Ibrahim Lodi and the Raja of Gwalior. 

Explanation

Surat was known as “Babul Makkah” (Gate of Makkah) during the Mughal period.

It served as the main port for pilgrims traveling from India to Makkah for Hajj.

Explanation

The British Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald announced the Communal Award in 1932 at the end of the Second Round Table Conference.

The Communal Award was a series of elections for minority groups in society and the economy.

It was established on August 16, 1932, as a result of the second round table meeting. 

Explanation

• Lord Lytton, who was the Governor-General of India from 1876 to 1880, followed a spirited "Forward" policy towards Afghanistan.
• He believed that the British should pursue an aggressive policy towards Afghanistan, which led to the Second Anglo-Afghan War.
• Lytton was appointed by Conservative Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli and purportedly feared the spread of Russian influence in Central Asia.

Explanation

Explanation

Green Sukuk – Key Points (Economic Survey 2024-25):

Issued: May 2025, worth Rs 30 billion.

Purpose: To fund eco-friendly projects.

Projects: Garuk Dam (Balochistan), Nai Gaj Dam (Sindh), Shagarthang Project (Gilgit-Baltistan).

Investor Response: Oversubscribed due to strong demand.

Significance: Marked Pakistan’s move toward global green financing standards.

Explanation

As per the Economic Survey of Pakistan 2024-25, the total installed capacity of electricity (end March FY2025) was 46,605 MW.

This figure represents a 1.6% increase compared to the installed capacity of 45,888 MW in the same period of the previous fiscal year. 

Explanation

Broad Money (M2) - (liability side), is measured as A + total deposits of non-government sector.

M2 is a broader measure of the money supply, encompassing not just physical cash (currency in circulation) but also various deposits held by the public with banks.

Explanation

The Ryotwari system established a direct relationship between the British government and the individual cultivators, known as "ryots".

This eliminated the role of intermediaries, such as zamindars, in the tax collection process.

Under this system, the cultivators were recognized as the landowners of their plots.

As long as they paid the fixed revenue, they had the right to sell, lease, or mortgage their land. 

Explanation

In the Federation of Pakistan vs. Maulvi Tamizuddin Khan case (1955), the Sindh Chief Court issued writs of Mandamus and Quo-warranto.

These writs challenged the Governor-General’s dissolution of the Constituent Assembly and questioned the legality of his actions.