Explanation

Natural Gas Liquids (NGLs) are hydrocarbon compounds separated from natural gas.

They include ethane, propane, butane, and pentane.

Explanation

In the contact process, SO₂ is absorbed in concentrated H₂SO₄ to produce oleum (H₂S₂O₇).

This improves the efficiency of SO₂ conversion to H₂SO₄.

Explanation

Plaster of Paris is made by heating gypsum (CaSO₄·2H₂O) to ~150°C.

The reaction removes water of crystallization, forming CaSO₄·½H₂O.

Explanation

Fuels are substances that release energy when burned.

This energy is mainly in the form of heat and sometimes light.

Explanation

Kinetic energy represents the energy of motion of the fluid.

Work done by or on the fluid is often associated with its velocity and movement.

Explanation

The driving force in energy transfer is the factor that causes energy to flow from one place to another.

Heat flows from higher to lower temperature.

Temperature difference drives conduction, convection, and radiation.

Explanation

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a body by 1°C is called Heat capacity.

It depends on the mass and material of the body.

Unit: Joule/°C.

Explanation

When two bodies A and B are moving parallel along a straight line, the relative velocity of A with respect to B is given by:

V_AB = V_A - V_B

Explanation

The scalar product (dot product) of two vectors A and B is given by:

A · B = |A| |B| cos(θ)

Maximum value occurs when cos(θ) = 1 (θ = 0°)

Let's find the angle where the scalar product is half of its maximum value:

|A| |B| cos(θ) = (1/2) |A| |B|

cos(θ) = 1/2

θ = 60°

Explanation

Given:

Initial velocity (u) = 0 m/s (starts from rest)

Final velocity (v) = 100 m/s

Time (t) = 10 s

Acceleration (a) = (v - u) / t

a = (100 m/s - 0 m/s) / 10 s

a = 100 m/s / 10 s

a = 10 m/s²