Explanation

Air can be liquefied by either increasing the pressure or decreasing the temperature.

This is based on the principles of thermodynamics.

Explanation

Foam is used in fluid oil (flammable liquid) fire extinguishers because:  

- It floats on the surface of the burning liquid.  

- It cuts off oxygen supply, smothering the fire.  

- Water or sand can spread the oil, worsening the fire.

Explanation

The chemical equation for this reaction is:

N₂(g) + 3H₂(g) → 2NH₃(g) 

Reactants: Nitrogen gas (N₂) and hydrogen gas (H₂). 

Product: Ammonia gas (NH₃). 

Process: This reaction is typically carried out under high pressure and temperature using a catalyst, forming the basis of the industrial Haber process for ammonia production. 

Explanation

Absolute Pressure = Gauge Pressure + Atmospheric Pressure  

Here:  

- Gauge Pressure = 50 psi  

- Atmospheric Pressure ≈ 14.7 psi  

So, Absolute Pressure = 50 + 14.7 = 64.7 psi 

Explanation

The melting point of ice at normal atmospheric pressure is 0 °C (zero degrees Celsius).

Key Points:

• 0 K (zero Kelvin) is equivalent to -273.15 °C, which is absolute zero, the lowest possible temperature.
• 100 °C is the boiling point of water at normal atmospheric pressure.

Explanation

Original price = Rs. 90  

Discount = 50% of 90 = Rs. 45  

Final price = 90 - 45 = Rs. 45

Explanation

The ideal gas equation, also known as the ideal gas law, is represented by the formula PV = nRT,

• where P is the pressure of the gas,
• V is the volume it occupies,
• n is the amount of gas in moles,
• R is the ideal gas constant, and
• T is the temperature of the gas.

This equation describes the relationship between these macroscopic properties for an ideal gas, providing a simplified model for gas behavior. 

Explanation

Formula: CH₄N₂O

Molar mass: 60.06 g/mol

Soluble in: Water, Glycerol, Ethanol

Density: 1.32 g/cm³

3D model (JSmol): Interactive image

Appearance: White solid

Explanation

Urea, also called carbamide

Formula: CH₄N₂O

Molar mass: 60.06 g/mol

Soluble in: Water, Glycerol, Ethanol

Density: 1.32 g/cm³

3D model (JSmol): Interactive image

Appearance: White solid

Explanation

Filtration: This process is used to separate solid impurities from the raw sugar juice after it has been clarified.

Evaporation: This is used to concentrate the clarified juice by boiling off excess water, transforming it into a thick syrup.

Crystallization: This is the process of extracting solid sucrose crystals from the concentrated syrup.