Explanation

• Lyman series lies in the ultraviolet (UV) region of hydrogen spectrum.
• It is produced when an electron falls to the first energy level (n = 1).
• These transitions release high-energy photons.

Additional information:

• Balmer series lies in the visible region.
• Paschen and Brackett are in infrared.

Last verified on 05-06-2026

Explanation

Look at the reaction: N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃

For every 1 N₂ that reacts, 3 H₂ react.  

So H₂ gets used 3 times faster than N₂.

Given: H₂ is used at 1.72 mol L⁻¹ h⁻¹  

Then N₂ is used 3x slower:

Rate of N₂ = 1.72 ÷ 3 = 0.57 mol L⁻¹ h⁻¹

Last verified on 05-06-2026

Explanation

• Fatty acids are carboxylic acids with long hydrocarbon chains.
• They contain a carboxyl group (–COOH) attached to a long alkyl chain.
• They are major components of fats and oils.

Last verified on 05-06-2026

Explanation

• Oxidation of secondary alcohols produces ketones.
• Secondary alcohols have –OH group attached to a carbon bonded with two other carbons.
• During oxidation, hydrogen is removed and a carbonyl (C=O) group is formed.

Additional information:

• Primary alcohol → Aldehyde → Acid
• Secondary alcohol → Ketone (stops here)
• Tertiary alcohol → No easy oxidation

Last verified on 05-06-2026

Explanation

• sp² hybridization is used by each oxygen in carbonic acid (H₂CO₃).
• In H₂CO₃, carbon is bonded to three oxygen atoms.
• Each oxygen forms sigma bonds and has resonance involvement.
• Oxygen adopts sp² hybrid orbitals for proper bonding geometry.

Last verified on 05-06-2026