Explanation

• About United Nations Climate Change Conference 2025

  Edition: 30th 

  Starting date: 10 Nov 2025

  Closing date: 21 Nov 2025

  Venue: Brazil

  Pakistan participation: Maryam Nawaz (CM Punjab) 

  
  

  Additional Information: 

  COP29 was held in Baku, Azerbaijan in 2024.

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Explanation

About Makkah Joint Defence Agreement 2026

Signing Date: 7 August 2026

Place: Al-Safa Palace, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Signatories: Shehbaz Sharif (Pakistan), Mohammed bin Salman (Saudi Arabia), Recep Tayyip Erdogan

(Turkiye)

The agreement was signed during the Makkah Al-Mukarramah Summit for Joint Defence.

An armed attack on one member will be regarded as an attack on all three.

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Explanation

About Makkah Joint Defence Agreement 2026

Signing Date: 7 August 2026

Place: Al-Safa Palace, Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Signatories: Shehbaz Sharif (Pakistan), Mohammed bin Salman (Saudi Arabia), Recep Tayyip Erdogan

(Turkiye)

The agreement was signed during the Makkah Al-Mukarramah Summit for Joint Defence.

An armed attack on one member will be regarded as an attack on all three.

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Explanation

Pakistan will celebrate its 79th Independence Day with patriotic zeal and fervour on 14 August 2026.

Pakistan came into being on 14 August 1947. 

Explanation

• Pakistan and Qatar brokered the Islamabad Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the US and Iran.
• The MoU was signed on 17 June 2026 in Islamabad.
• It established a 60-day timeframe to advance diplomatic understandings.

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