Explanation

• Begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) immediately because the person may be in cardiac arrest.
• Activate emergency medical services and ask someone to bring an AED (Automated External Defibrillator).
• Perform chest compressions at a rate of 100–120 per minute and a depth of approximately 5–6 cm for an adult.

Last verified on 17-10-2026

Explanation

• A suspected heart attack should be treated as a medical emergency requiring urgent medical assistance.
• Medical emergency: A heart attack occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, potentially causing serious damage or death.
• Recognize symptoms: Common warning signs include chest pain or pressure, shortness of breath, sweating, nausea, and pain spreading to the arm, back, neck, or jaw.

Last verified on 17-10-2026

Explanation

• A paramedic should refer a pilgrim to a qualified and authorized religious guide when asked for a detailed religious ruling beyond their expertise.
• This respects professional boundaries and helps ensure accurate religious guidance.
• Paramedics should treat pilgrims respectfully and respond to their concerns politely.
• For medical issues, they should refer pilgrims to the appropriate healthcare professional.

Last verified on 17-10-2026

Explanation

• The primary purpose of an AED is to analyze cardiac rhythm and deliver a shock when indicated.
• AED stands for Automated External Defibrillator.
• It is a portable medical device used during sudden cardiac arrest to analyze the heart’s rhythm.

Last verified on 17-10-2026

Explanation

• A suspected dislocation should generally be immobilized and referred for medical evaluation.

Additional information:

• Immobilization: Keep the affected joint still in the position found to prevent further injury and reduce pain.
• Medical evaluation: Arrange prompt medical assessment because a dislocation may damage nearby nerves, blood vessels, ligaments, or bones.
• Do not force the joint back into place: An untrained person should never attempt to reduce a suspected dislocation.
• Avoid massage, vigorous heating, and exercise: These actions may worsen the injury.

Last verified on 17-10-2026

Explanation

• The paramedic should clearly explain the pilgrim’s medical condition and the potential risks of refusing further medical assessment.
• The pilgrim should be encouraged to seek appropriate medical care respectfully, without threats or coercion.
• A competent adult generally has the right to refuse medical care after being informed of the risks and benefits.
• The paramedic should document the refusal, communicate with the appropriate medical professional when required, and follow established clinical procedures.

Last verified on 17-10-2026

Explanation

• Altered mental status includes confusion, disorientation, unusual behaviour, seizures, or loss of consciousness.
• A very high body temperature, often around 40°C (104°F) or higher, together with neurological changes strongly suggests heat stroke.
• Heat stroke is a medical emergency.
• Call emergency services, begin rapid cooling immediately, and do not delay treatment while waiting for a temperature measurement.

Last verified on 17-10-2026

Explanation

• Wuquf (وقف) is the central ritual of Hajj where pilgrims stand in prayer and supplication.
• It takes place at Mount Arafat.
• It is considered the most important day of Hajj.
• Date: 9th of Dhul-Hijjah (Islamic calendar)

Last verified on 19-03-2026

Explanation

• The Saudi Commission for Health Specialties (SCFHS) regulates health professions and manages the classification and registration of healthcare practitioners in Saudi Arabia.
• It verifies professional qualifications and ensures practitioners meet the required standards to practise.
• Health practitioners must meet the applicable SCFHS requirements for professional registration and classification.

Last verified on 17-10-2026

Explanation

• A paramedic provides appropriate medical care within their training, skills, and authorized scope of practice.
• They must recognize emergencies, assess the patient's condition, and provide immediate care within their competence.
• When advanced treatment is required, they coordinate timely referral or transfer to an appropriate medical facility.

Last verified on 17-10-2026