Explanation

• Old rate: Rs 27 per unit
• New approved rate: Rs 10 per unit
• Reduction: Rs 17 per unit decrease
• Applicable: Only new solar net-metering users
• Policy decision year: Recent ECC revision (2025–2026 period)

Last verified on 10-05-2026

Explanation

• The Lahore Resolution was passed on 23 March 1940 at Minto Park (now Iqbal Park), Lahore.
• It demanded separate independent states for Muslims in the North-Western and Eastern Muslim-majority regions of British India.
• The resolution later became the foundation for the creation of Pakistan in 1947.

Additional information:

• The resolution was presented by A. K. Fazlul Huq.
• Muhammad Ali Jinnah led the movement for a separate Muslim homeland.

Last verified on 10-05-2026

Explanation

• At the start of 2026, tensions between Pakistan and Afghanistan increased mainly due to border security concerns and militant activities.
• Pakistan faced challenges related to cross-border attacks, terrorism, and illegal border crossings along the Pak-Afghan border.

Additional information:

• The Durand Line is the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan.
• Pakistan-Afghanistan border length: approximately 2,640 km.

Last verified on 10-05-2026

Explanation

Key Provincial Sex Ratios (2017 Census):

• National Average → 104.91

• Punjab → 103.41

• Khyber Pakhtunkhwa → 102.54

• Sindh → 108.29

• Balochistan → 110.82

• Islamabad (ICT) → 110.68

Population Summary (2017):

• Total Population → ~207.68 million

• Males → ~106.3 million

• Females → ~101.3 million

Last verified on 09-05-2026

Explanation

• The 1971 conflict (Pakistan–India war leading to East Pakistan separation) marked the final collapse of unity.

• It resulted in the breakup of united Pakistan into two countries.

• East Pakistan became an independent state after the conflict.

• Political, economic, and social tensions had already weakened unity before 1971.

• The war confirmed the failure of national integration between the two wings.

Last verified on 09-05-2026

Explanation

• The most critical issue between East and West Pakistan was economic disparity.

• East Pakistan contributed more to foreign exchange earnings (especially through jute exports).

• Despite this, West Pakistan received a larger share of development funds and resources.

• This created feelings of inequality and political dissatisfaction in East Pakistan.

• Economic imbalance became a major factor leading to tensions between the two wings.

Last verified on 09-05-2026

Explanation

• After the partition of India in 1947, the Kashmir issue was taken to the United Nations.
• The UN Security Council formed a commission called UNCIP (United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan).
• This commission studied the situation and prepared its report.
• The report was submitted after detailed investigation and diplomatic efforts.
• According to the chapter, it was submitted on 5 January 1949.

Last verified on 08-05-2026

Explanation

• In 1971, political tensions between East and West Pakistan reached a breaking point.
• The main issue was the refusal to transfer power after the general elections.
• East Pakistan’s Awami League had won a clear majority.
• Despite this, political authority was not handed over.
• This denial of electoral mandate triggered the final separation.

Last verified on 08-05-2026

Explanation

• East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) faced serious economic inequality during the united Pakistan era.
• Most industries and revenues were concentrated in West Pakistan.
• East Pakistan contributed more in foreign exchange (especially jute) but received less development funds.
• This unequal treatment increased resentment and political tension.
• It became one of the major causes of separation in 1971.

Last verified on 08-05-2026

Explanation

• Language issue was a major cause of unrest in East Pakistan.
• The demand to impose Urdu created strong resistance from Bengali speakers.
• This increased political tension and dissatisfaction.
• Pakistan had two wings (East and West Pakistan) until 1971.

Last verified on 07-05-2026