Explanation

When treating a nosebleed, the head should be positioned forward, with the nose facing down.

This helps to reduce blood flow to the nose and prevent swallowing of blood.

Sit up straight and lean forward, with your head slightly bent forward, to help the blood flow out of your nose instead of down the back of your throat.

Explanation

After someone has fainted, they should be placed in a comfortable position to aid recovery.

Lay them down on their back with their legs raised about 12 inches (30cm) to improve blood flow to the brain and help them regain consciousness.

This position is known as the "recovery position".

Explanation

The correct sequence for the Primary Survey is:

• Danger, Response, Airway, Breathing, Circulation (DRABC)

This is the correct order to assess and treat a patient in a medical emergency:

• Danger: Check for any hazards or dangers to yourself or the patient.
• Response: Check the patient's response level (are they alert, unconscious, etc.).
• Airway: Check the patient's airway to make sure it is clear and secure.
• Breathing: Check the patient's breathing to make sure they are breathing adequately.
• Circulation: Check the patient's circulation to make sure they have a pulse and are bleeding.

Explanation

If someone is unresponsive and not breathing, call 999 or your local emergency number immediately.

Then, start CPR by pushing down on the center of their chest at a regular rate, about 2 inches deep and 100-120 compressions per minute.

Continue this until emergency medical personnel arrive.

Explanation

If a person is unresponsive and breathing, help keep their airway open by using the "recovery position".

Roll them onto their side and tilt their head back, with their ear, shoulder, and hip in a straight line.

This helps keep their airway open and prevents their tongue from blocking their airway.

Explanation

According to the American Red Cross and American Heart Association guidelines, if an adult is choking, you should give up to 5 quick blows between the shoulder blades with the heel of your hand.

If the object is not dislodged, then you should move on to abdominal thrusts (also known as the Heimlich maneuver).

Explanation

If someone is choking, help them by giving five quick blows between the shoulder blades with the heel of your hand.

This can help dislodge the object blocking their airway.

If the person is still choking, call 911 or your local emergency number immediately.

Explanation

If someone is having a diabetic emergency, such as a low blood sugar attack, give them a quick-acting carbohydrate like a sugary drink (e.g. juice or regular soda) or sugary food (e.g. candy or glucose tablets).

This can help raise their blood sugar levels and alleviate symptoms.

Explanation

If someone is having an asthma attack, help them sit comfortably and encourage them to take their medication as prescribed.

Do not ask them to stand or breathe into a paper bag, as this can worsen the attack.

Instead, stay with them until their symptoms improve or medical help arrives.

Explanation

When performing CPR, the American Heart Association recommends a ratio of 30 chest compressions to 2 rescue breaths.

This ratio is often remembered as "30:2".

It is used for adults, children, and infants who are unresponsive and not breathing.