Explanation

 The additional, small, circular, extrachromosomal piece of DNA in a bacterial cell is called a plasmid.

Structure: Small, double-stranded, circular DNA molecules.

Location: Found in the cytoplasm of bacteria (extrachromosomal).

Function: They typically contain non-essential but advantageous genes, such as those for antibiotic resistance.

Last updated 17-02-2026

Explanation

During respiration, organisms break down glucose to release energy, and carbon dioxide is produced as a byproduct.

Unlike photosynthesis, where oxygen is produced, respiration involves the release of carbon dioxide.

Explanation

In meiosis, daughter cells have half the number of chromosomes compared to the parent cells.

This reduction is crucial for maintaining the stability of chromosome number across generations.

Explanation

Kidney stones commonly form due to excessive calcium salts in the urine, especially calcium oxalate.

High levels of calcium can crystallize and form stones, leading to kidney issues.

Explanation

• Insects like bees, butterflies, moths, and beetles are important pollinators of plants in gardens.
• They visit flowers to collect nectar and pollen, and in the process, transfer pollen from one flower to another, allowing for fertilization to occur.

Explanation

• In plants, water and minerals are transported from the roots to the leaves through the xylem.
• A type of vascular tissue.

Explanation

Amoeba, Euglena, and Paramecium are all unicellular organisms.

They consist of a single cell that performs all the functions necessary for survival, such as movement, reproduction, and obtaining nutrients.

Explanation

The nucleus is the most important part of the cell as it controls all the activities of the cell, including growth, metabolism, and reproduction.

It contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) which regulates gene expression and directs protein synthesis.

Explanation

Cotyledons provide food to the embryo during seed germination.

It also protect the baby plant by being a part of the seed structure that safeguards the developing plant.

Cotyledons are the first leaves of a seedling.

It play a crucial role in the early stages of growth.

Explanation

The diaphragm is a muscle that separates the chest cavity (thoracic cavity) from the abdominal cavity.

It plays a key role in breathing by contracting and relaxing to allow air in and out of the lungs.